Study On The Application Of Hearing Screening Model In Preschool Children’s Hearing Care In Xiamen

Objective:Through the analysis of the hearing screening data of preschool children in 36 kindergartens in Xiamen City from 2016 to 2019,to evaluate the hearing status of preschool children in Xiamen City,to discuss the current hearing screening mode of preschool children in Xiamen City,to evaluate the operation effect of the screening mode,and to put forward the deficiencies and improvements,so as to build a scientific and effective hearing screening model for preschool children Screening system to provide reference.Methods:From 2016 to 2019,36 kindergartens in Xiamen were selected as the research objects,and those who were not actually in the kindergarten due to school suspension and other reasons were excluded.Based on the hearing screening results of preschool children in 36 municipal kindergartens from 2016 to 2017,distortion product otoacoustic emission(DPOAE)and acoustic immittance were used for hearing screening in the kindergartens from 2018 to 2019.Those who failed to pass the screening were referred to the Department of Otolaryngology,Xiamen maternal and child health care hospital(Xiamen hearing screening diagnosis center)for medical and audiological diagnosis in order to clarify the reasons for the failure.Self-designed questionnaire was conducted among parents of middle class children to understand their mastery of ear and hearing care knowledge in recent years.After the screening,the hearing screening results of all preschool children in the past four years were retrospectively analyzed,and the differences of relevant statistical indicators were compared and analyzed.Results:From 2016 to 2019,there were 16816 registered children in 36kindergartens,16018 preschool children were actually screened,the hearing screening rate was 95.3%(16018/16816),1796 children failed,the failure rate was11.2%(1796/16018),1510 children failed to receive referral,the failure rate was84.1%(1510/1796).There were 611 children with abnormal hearing,and the detection rate of hearing loss was 3.81%(611/16018),including 558 cases of secretory otitis media(37.0%,558/1510)and 53 cases of sensorineural hearing loss(3.5%,53/1510).From 2016 to 2019,the hearing screening rate of preschool children,the referral rate of children who failed,and the mastery rate of ear and hearing care related knowledge of parents increased year by year,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The difference of failure rate of screening was not statistically significant(P=0.389).The referral rate of children who failed in hearing screening in private kindergartens(69.4%,82/111)was lower than that in public kindergartens(82.6%,1014/1227),the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=9.197,p=0.002);the mastery rate of ear and hearing care related knowledge in private kindergartens was lower than that in public kindergartens(χ~2=23.816,p<0.001).Conclusion:1.From 2016 to 2019,the detection rate of hearing loss of preschool children in Xiamen is 3.81%,and the detection rate of secretory otitis media is the highest,which indicates that conductive hearing loss is the main hearing loss of preschool children in Xiamen.2.The current kindergarten hearing screening mode in Xiamen,which relies on maternal and child health care institutions as the main body and integrates pre-school children’s hearing screening into the content of children’s health care assessment,can not only effectively expand the coverage of pre-school children’s hearing screening,improve the referral rate of children whose hearing screening fails,but also significantly improve the effect of science popularization and enhance parents’support for hearing screening.It is worthy of reference and promotion in other regions.