| Objective:To preliminarily analyze the characteristics of normal reference value of left ventricular morphology and function of juveniles at different ages in Chongqing area,and obtain the Z value regression equation.Methods:From January 2019 to June 2020,healthy young volunteers from Chongqing were recruited to measure heart rate,height,weight,head circumference,and chest circumference growth indexes and then the body surface area(BSA)was calculated,and collected other general data such as children’s birth weight,mother’s height and weight,father’s height and weight.Echocardiography(Echo)was used to detect cardiac structural indices:left ventricular end-systolic diameter(LVIDs),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVIDd),interventricular septal end-diastolic thickness(IVSd),left ventricular posterior wall end-diastolic thickness(LVPWd),left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV),left ventricular mass(LVM),left ventricular mass index(LVMI);left ventricular functional parameters:left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular short-axis shortening(LVFS),stroke volume(SV),cardiac output(CO),E/A ratio,isovolumetric relaxation time(IVRT)and Tei index.ANOVA was used to compare the differences in each measurement among juveniles of different ages,and independent samples t-test was used to compare the differences in measurements between the sexes.Volunteers’age,head circumference,chest circumference,heart rate,height,weight,body surface area(BSA),birth weight,mother’s height and weight,father’s height and weight were correlated with LVIDs,LVIDd,IVSd,LVPWd,LVEDV,LVESV,LVM,LVMI,LVEF,SV,LVFS,CO,E/A,IVRT,Tei index measurements.Correlation analysis was performed to establish linear,cubic polynomial,power,exponential,and square root regression analyses of BSA with LVIDs,LVIDd,IVSd,LVPWd,LVEDV,LVESV,LVM,SV and CO measurements using BSA as the independent variable of the regression equation,comparing the coefficient of determination R~2determine the best regression equation,and obtain the Z-value calculation formula.Results:509 healthy juveniles were recruited in Chongqing.The height,weight,BSA,chest circumference and head circumference increased with age.Among them,female head circumference was basically stable during adolescence and gender differences were mainly reflected in the toddler group,preschool group,and school age.There was no gender difference in birth weight in the period group.The left ventricular diameter,volume,quality and stroke volume of men and women increase with age.The gender differences are mainly reflected in the toddler group,preschool group and prepubertal group.LVIDs,LVESV,LVEF,LVFS,E/A,IVRT have no gender difference.In this study,all left ventricular structural indicators and LVEF,SV,CO,IVRT and left ventricular Tei index are related to age,head circumference,chest circumference,height,weight,BSA,heart rate,and mother’s height and weight,father’s height and weight.Echo measurements have no correlation or the correlation is very small(LVPWd and father’s weight,LVFS and mother’s height),and the correlation between birth weight and some Echo measurements are very small.LVMI,LVEF,LVFS,IVRT,left ventricular Tei index have little correlation with age and BSA,and E/A has no correlation with age and BSA.The normal reference range of LVMI,LVEF,LVFS,E/A,IVRT,and left ventricular Tei index for juveniles in Chongqing area were calculated preliminarily,and the other left ventricular morphological structure and function indexes were BSA as independent variables,and the regression model was initially established.Conclusions:The normal value and Z value regression equations of left ventricular morphology and function of juveniles in Chongqing area were initially obtained,which reflected the changes of left ventricular morphology and function of healthy juveniles in Chongqing area with BSA,provided a reference standard for evaluating the cardiac development levels of juveniles in southwest China. |
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