Study On The Characteristics Of Small For Gestational Age Infants In Late Preterm Infants

Objective: To investigate the risk factors and clinical characteristics of SGA in late preterm infants.Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 326 cases of late premature infants admitted to the NICU of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2017 to December 2019,75 cases were smaller than gestational age and 251 cases were suitable for gestational age.Clinical data of the two groups were collected during hospitalization,including high-risk factors at birth and general conditions,laboratory indicators,clinical complications and growth status of these neonates with hospitalization time ≥14days,the related factors affecting the growth and development outside the uterus that were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results:(1)the birth weight was lower than those in the AGA group,the female ratio,cesarean section rate,hospital stay and hospital expenses,blood transfusion in the SGA group were higher than those in the AGA group(P<0.05).(2)The pregnant mothers of SGA group with premature rupture of membranes were lower than those of AGA group,and the incidence of gestational hypertension,fetal distress and hypoproteinemia were higher than those of AGA group(P<0.05);the related factors were analyzed in logistic regression.And the results show that the risk factors of SGA are gestational hypertension,Low amniotic fluid volume,female,twins.(3)The incidence of sepsis,gastrointestinal bleeding,coagulation dysfunction,bronchopulmonary dysplasia and thrombocytopeniain the SGA group was higher than that in the AGA group(P<0.05).(4)The content of platelet and fibrinogen in SGA group was lower with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).(5)For the two groups of children with hospitalization time≥14days,the Z-score of birth age quality and discharge age quality of SGA group was lower than that of AGA group(P<0.05).Logistic analysis results of this study showed that acute respiratory distress syndrome and gastrointestinal bleeding during hospitalization were high risk factors to discharge age group mass Z-score(P<0.05).Conclusion: The risk factors of hypertension during pregnancy,Low amniotic fluid volume,female infant,twin pregnancy,and affect the occurrence of SGA,and the clinical complications of acute respiratory distress syndrome and gastrointestinal bleeding could affect the growth and development outside the uterus.