| ObjectiveThe study aims to explore the characteristic change of muscle mass,muscle strength,advanced glycation end products(AGEs),trace elements,and heavy metals preliminarily in the elderly population in the Beijing communities,and to investigate the correlation between the health assessment indexes and the urinary 8-oxoguanosine(8-oxoGsn).Materials and MethodsSubjects:The participants were recruited from the Physical Examination Center of Beijing Hospital from December 2019 to January 2020,and were divided into the young-and-middle-aged group(<60 years)and the old group(≥60 years).Inclusion criteria:(1)Age above 25 years;(2)With the informed consent form signed.Exclusion criteria:(1)With acute or chronic infectious diseases;(2)With progressive and severe diseases;(3)With mental disorders;(4)With alcohol or drug abuse history;(5)Unable to participate due to other reasons.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed to collect the following data:(1)General demographic information:Gender,age,height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,systolic blood pressure,smoking,drinking behavior,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,and other information was collected by questionnaires.The waist-hip ratio and the body mass index were also calculated.(2)Body composition detection:Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis(BIA)was used to detect the body composition including muscle mass of limbs,muscle mass of trunk,protein mass,fat-free weight,bone mass,fat mass,intracellular fluid volume,and body fat percentage.(3)Physical functional assessment:The trained personnel helped to measure the main handgrip strength,6-meter walking speed,and 5 times sitting time;and performed the timed up and go test,Romberg test,etc.(4)Glycation indexes detection:A non-invasive desktop AGE Reader(AGE Technologies BV,Groningen,Netherlands)was used to assess the level of AGEs based on its specific auto-fluorescence.(5)Trace element and heavy metal detection:The non-invasive Oligoscan spectrophotometer(Oligoscan(?),Luxembourg)was used to assess the contents of trace elements and heavy metals.(6)Biochemical indicator detection:The fasting blood glucose,hemoglobin,glycosylated hemoglobin,triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,total cholesterol,etc.were detected.(7)Oxidative stress indicator detection:The concentration of 8-oxoGsn in the first-morning urine specimen was measured by improved ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),and the concentration of creatinine(Cre)in urine was used for calibration.ResultsA total of 106 subjects were included in the study,including 68 in the young-and-middle-aged group and 38 in the old group.1.Changing characteristics of health assessment indicators during ageing(1)General demographic data:The minimum age of the subjects was 27 years old,the maximum age is 93 years old,and the average age is(53±18)years old.Fifty-four males(50.9%)and fifty-two females(49.1%)were included.The median age of the old group was 76(62,82)years,and that of the young-and-middle-aged group was 44(32,47)years.Compared with the young and middle-aged group,the old group had a significantly larger proportion of people with high blood pressure[14(36.8%)vs.7(10.3%)],and significantly higher systolic blood pressure[130(120,140)mm Hg vs.120(110,126)mm Hg],p<0.05.(2)Body composition:Compared with the young-and-middle-aged group,the old group had a significantly lower fat-free body mass,trunk muscle mass,limb muscle mass,intracellular fluid,protein,and bone mass[44.9(37.5,51.1)kg than53.3(42.4,58.5)kg;21.0(17.5,23.9)kg to 25(19.8,27.4)kg;20.9(17.6,23.9)kg to 24.9(19.8,27.3)kg;21.5(17.8,24.6)kg to 26.3(20.9,28.8)kg;9.3(7.7,10.6)kg to 11.1(8.9,12.1)kg;3.0(2.6,3.3)kg to 3.4(2.9,3.7)kg],p<0.05 for all indexes.(3)Physical function indicators:Compared with the young-and-middle-aged group,the old group performed worse in the timed up and go test,the five-repetition sit-to-stand test,Romberg test and grip strength test[8(6.9,9.8)s vs.6.0(5.0,6.8)s;6.7(6.2,7.9)s vs.5.5(4.9,5.9)s;3.82(1.11,10)s比10(6.19,10)s;28.0(22.0,35.1)kg比36.6(28.5,49.1)kg],p<0.05 for all tests.(4)Advanced glycation end products:The AGEs level of the old group was significantly higher than the young-and-middle-aged group[(2.44±0.46)vs.(2.01±0.29)],p<0.05.(5)Trace elements and heavy metals:Compared with the young-and-middle-aged group,the old group had significantly higher magnesium content,mercury content,and silver content[(31.4±7.2)vs.(27.7±6.4);(0.013±0.003)vs.(0.008±0.003);0.011(0.010,0.012)vs.0.010(0.009～0.011)],while calcium,cobalt,selenium,and the nickel content are significantly lower[273.3(219.1,480.0)vs.457.8(428.5,489.1);0.029(0.027,0.031)vs.0.031(0.028,0.034);1.44(0.93,1.71)to 1.61(1.53,1.68);3.5(3.3,4.0)x10-3 vs.3.8(3.6,4.1)x10-3],p<0.05for all tests.(6)Blood biochemical indicators:Compared with the young-and-middle-aged group,the fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of the old group were significantly higher[5.7(5.2,5.9)mmol/L vs.5.2(4.9,5.5)mmol/L;6.0(5.7,6.2)%vs.5.7(5.4,5.9)%],p<0.05 for all the tests.2.The changing characteristics of urine 8-oxoGsn and 8-oxod Gsn contents during ageingCompared with the young-and-middle-aged group,the amount of 8-oxoGsn/Cre and 8-oxod Gsn/Cre in urine of the old group were significantly higher[1.9(1.4,2.6)umol/mol vs.1.3(1.0,1.6)umol/mol;1.14(0.72,1.59)umol/mol vs.0.82(0.65,1.19)umol/mol],p<0.05.The subjects were divided into four groups according to different age ranges(25-39,40-54,55-69,and over 70 years old).It was found that the level of 8-oxoGsn/Cre was significantly higher in the group over 70 years old than in the other three groups(p<0.05).As for 8-oxod Gsn/Cre,no statistically significant difference was found between all groups.3.Correlation between urinary 8-oxoGsn and health status assessment indicators(1)The urinary 8-oxoGsn/Cre level in hypertension group was significantly higher than that in the non-hypertensive group[1.88(1.23,2.61)umol/mol vs.1.40(1.04,1.76)umol/mol],p<0.05.(2)The concentration of 8-oxoGsn/Cre was positively correlated with age,the time for the five-repetition sit-to-stand test,AGEs levels,fasting blood glucose,mercury content,and aluminum content(r_s=0.443,0.292,0.357,0.205,0.316,0.214,p<0.05 for all tests),while it was negatively correlated with trunk muscle mass,total muscle mass of limbs,fat-free body weight,grip strength,silicon content,and manganese content(r_s=-0.334,-0.333,-0.332,-0.366,-0.246,-0.234,all p<0.05).Conclusions(1)During the ageing process of the population from Beijing communities,the values of systolic blood pressure,fasting glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,and the levels of advanced glycation end products increased with age;while the grip strength,limbs and trunk muscle mass,as well as the fat-free mass decreased with age;the time for the five-repetition sit-to-stand test lengthened with age,the standing time for Romberg test decreased.Furthermore,magnesium content,mercury content and silver content increased,while the content of calcium,cobalt,selenium and nickel decreased during ageing.The above results reveal the characteristics of the objective health status assessment indexes during aging of relatively healthy people in Beijing communities.(2)The concentration of the urine 8-oxoGsn/Cre increased with age,confirming its reliability as a marker of aging.In addition,the increased 8-oxoGsn/Cre concentration was associated with the decreased muscle mass,poor physical function,advanced glycation end products accumulation,decreased trace elements,and the increased heavy metal content,suggesting that the urinary 8-oxoGsn might be a potential indicator for health status assessment. |
PDF Full Text Request