The Effect Of Intermittent Binasal Obstruction And Intermittent Hypoxia On The Development Of Condylar Joint In Young Rats

Objective:Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is a common clinical condition that has a significant impact on growth and development.Bilateral nasal obstruction caused by adenoid tonsillar hypertrophy has been identified as a major cause of OSA in children and a teratogenic factor in childhood malformations.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of early oral respiration and hypoxia on temporomandibular joint(TMJ)condyles by using an intermittent hypoxia(IH)animal model and an intermittent nasal obstruction(INO)model.Methods:Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into three groups of eight control rats,eight IH rats and eight INO rats.After 16 days,temporomandibular joint samples and their surrounding white adipose tissue samples and skeletal muscle tissue samples were obtained from each group of rats for further staining and q RT-PCR analysis.Then,we use RNA-seq to verify the preliminary results.Results:IH could not significantly alter overall structure under short-term hypoxic stimulation,but INO could alter condylar,fat,and muscle collagen deposition while causing significant structural changes in tissue hypoxia and macrophage infiltration.The sequencing data confirmed these findings while suggesting that the process might involve the HIF-1α/ Vegf axis.Conclusion:These findings reveal the early structural effects of oral respiration on condylar reconstruction in rats,and that hypoxia does not cause significant changes,and suggests the importance of early treatment for mouth breathing.The results may provide new evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA)in children.