Clinical Study On The Correlation Between Persistent High Risk HPV Infection And Systemic Immune Function Of Human Body

Objective:This study aims to compare the differences in innate immunity,cellular immunity,humoral immunity and complement system between persistent high risk human papillomavirus（HR-HPV）infection and transient human papillomavirus infection,and to explore the changes of systemic immune function in patients with persistent HR-HPV infection,for the sake of clinical prevention and cure.Methods:According to specific enrollment and exclusion criteria of this research,43 patients with HR-HPV infection were randomly selected,including 24 patients in the transient infection group and 19 patients in the persistent infection group.Twenty women with HR-HPV negative results and TCT normal results were served as control.Flow cytometry was utilized as a test method for lymphocyte subgroups,including the absolute count and relative proportion of T（CD3⁺T cells,CD4⁺T cells,CD8⁺T cells）,B and NK lymphocytes,and the ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺.Furthermore,the concentrations of Ig G,Ig A,Ig M,complement C3 and complement C4 were detected by transmission turbidimetric method.The SPSS 26.0 software was used to make a relative statistical analysis of the results,and P<0.05 was regarded as statistically apparent.Results:1.Comparison of the indexes of peripheral blood immune function among persistent infection group,transient infection group and normal control group（1）Cellular immunity:there were statistically obvious differences in the relative proportion of CD4⁺T cells,the absolute count of CD8⁺T cells and the ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺among the three groups.The relative proportion of CD4⁺T cells decreased and the absolute count of CD8⁺T cells rose in the persistent group by comparison with the normal one and the transient one（P<0.05）.The ratio of CD4^+/CD8⁺decreased significantly in the persistent group by comparison with the transient one（P<0.05）.The other indexes showed no statistical significance among these groups（P>0.05）.（2）Humoral immunity:there were statistically distinct differences in the relative proportion of B lymphocytes,and the concentrations of Ig G and Ig A among these groups.The relative proportion of B lymphocytes in the transient infection group and the persistent infection group decreased in comparison with the NC one（P<0.05）;And the concentrations of Ig G and Ig A in the persistent group rose apparently in comparison with the NC one and the transient one（P<0.05）.The absolute count of B cells and the level of Ig M showed no statistical significance among these groups（P>0.05）.（3）Innate immunity and complement:there was a statistically distinct difference in the concentration of complement C3 among these groups.The concentration of complement C3 in the transient group decreased obviously in comparison with the NC one（P<0.05）.And the concentration of complement C3 rose in the persistent infection group in comparison with the transient one（P<0.05）.The relative proportion and absolute count of NK cells showed no statistical significance among these groups（P>0.05）.2.Comparison of the indexes of peripheral blood immune function of patients with different types of HR-HPV in the persistent infection groupThe difference of complement C3 was the only statistically obvious among the 16/18 types group,the other 12 types group and the mixed infection group.Compared with the 16/18 types group,the concentration of complement C3 in the other 12 types group and the mixed infection group reduced significantly（P<0.05）.There were no apparent differences in other indexes of immune function among these groups（P>0.05）.3.Comparison of the indexes of peripheral blood immune function of patients with different levels of cervical lesions in the persistent infection groupThe difference of Ig G was the only statistically distinct among the high-grade disease group（H group）,the low-grade disease group（L group）and the normal control group（NC group）.And the concentration of Ig G in H group increased in comparison with the NC one（P<0.05）.The other indexes showed no statistical significance among these groups（P>0.05）.Conclusions:1.The relative proportion of CD4⁺T cells dropped,the absolute count of CD8⁺T lymphocytes rose and the ratio of the CD4⁺/CD8⁺declined with HR-HPV persistent infection.Impaired cellular immunity may increase the risk of HPV persistent infection,and it may be an effective clinical reference index about the progression of HPV infection.2.The relative proportion of B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of HR-HPV infected patients was prominently lower than that of uninfected patients;The concentrations of Ig G and Ig A in patients with HR-HPV persistent infection were obviously higher than those of the transient infected and uninfected people,while there was no apparent difference in the concentration of Ig M.The humoral immune dysfunction may not effectively clear up the infection.3.The concentration of complement C3 in the peripheral blood of HR-HPV infected patients was obviously lower than that of uninfected patients;The concentration of complement C3 in patients with HR-HPV persistent infection was significantly higher than that of the transient infected patients,while there was no significant difference in the concentration of complement C4.The immune dysfunction of complement system may interfere with the clearance of HPV.4.The concentration of Ig G in the peripheral blood of patients with high-grade cervical lesions was distinctly higher than that of people with normal cervix.The disfunction of humoral immunity may be related to the degree of cervical lesions.Other immune indexes,such as lymphocyte subsets,complements and other immunoglobulins,may not be related to the grades of cervical lesions.