Analysis Of 513 Cases Of Superficial Mycoses And Its Pathogenic Fungi Strains

Objective: To investigate the distribution characteristics,pathogen composition and prevalence of superficial mycosis in the dermatology clinic of the first affiliated Hospital of Dali University,and to statistically analyze the distribution of disease species and pathogenic bacteria in different genders,ages and seasons.so as to provide a reference basis for clinical diagnosis,treatment and rational drug use of superficial mycosis.Method: The patients suspected of superficial mycosis in the dermatology clinic of the first affiliated Hospital of Dali University from June 2020 to January 2021 were collected.The samples of finger shavings,nail shavings,secretions and dandruff were taken for fungal microscopic examination and fungal culture.Those who were positive in microscopic examination and culture were included in the study,and the results of strain identification were recorded.The composition of disease species and pathogenic bacteria were counted and sorted out according to sex,age and onset season,and analyzed by SPSS26.0 statistical software.Result: Among the 513 strains isolated and identified,yeast occupied the first place,with a total of 385 strains(75.05%),124 strains of dermatophytes(24.17%)and 4strains of other conditional pathogenic bacteria(0.78%).The top three pathogens were Candida glabrata 216(42.11%),Candida krusei 98(19.10%)and Trichophyton rubrum33(6.43%).Among the 513 patients with superficial mycosis,tinea pedis was found in224 cases(43.66%),followed by onychomycosis in 125 cases(24.36%)and tinea corporis in 87 cases(16.95%).The distribution of other diseases: tinea Manus 32 cases(6.23%),tinea cruris 30 cases(5.84%),tinea capitis 11 cases(2.14%),mucocutaneous candidiasis 4 cases(0.77%).Tinea pedis mainly isolated 115 strains of Candida smooth(51.33%),47 strains of Candida albicans(20.98%)and 28 strains of Trichophyton rubrum(9.82%).Onychomycosis mainly isolated 49 strains of Candida albicans(39.20%),37 strains of Candida albicans(29.60%)and 14 strains of Candida albicans(11.20%).Tinea corporis mainly isolated 20 strains of gypsum-like microsporum(22.98%),20 strains of Candida glabrata(22.98%)and 10 strains of Trichophyton rubrum(11.49%).12 strains(37.5%)of Candida glabrata,8 strains(25.00%)of Candida albicans and 3 strains(9.37%)of Trichophyton rubrum were isolated from tinea Manus.Tinea cruris mainly isolated 18 strains of Candida albicans(60.00%)and 4 strains of Trichophyton rubrum(13.33%).Tinea capitis mainly isolated 2 strains of Trichophyton rubrum(18.18%),2 strains of gypsum-like microsporum(18.18%)and 2 strains of Trichophyton purpurea(18.18%).The distribution characteristics of superficial mycosis and pathogens were different in different genders,ages and seasons.There were significant differences in tinea pedis,onychomycosis,tinea cruris,tinea capitis and mucocutaneous candidiasis between male and female(P > 0.05).There were significant differences in onychomycosis,tinea pedis,tinea corporis and tinea capitis among different age groups(P < 0.05).The distribution of tinea corporis,tinea cruris and onychomycosis was different in different seasons,and the difference was statistically significant(P > 0.05).Conclusion:1.The top three superficial mycosis in the dermatology clinic of our hospital are tinea pedis,onychomycosis and tinea corporis.2.The main pathogens were Saccharomyces cerevisiae,in which Candida albicans ranked first,followed by Candida krourou.3.The distribution of superficial mycosis and pathogens is affected by sex,age and season,which are as follows:(1)the prevalence rate of onychomycosis and tinea pedis in female is higher than that in male,and the prevalence rate of tinea cruris in male is higher than that in female,but there is no significant difference in tinea corporis and tinea Manus between the two sexes,.(2)The vulnerable group was21-50 years old,while the vulnerable group of tinea capitis was ≤ 10 years old,tinea pedis,onychomycosis and tinea cruris were more common in the age group of 21-40 years old.(3)Spring and summer is the susceptible season,and all diseases and pathogens reach the peak in summer.4.The distribution of superficial mycosis in the dermatology clinic of our hospital is similar to that reported in other parts of China,but the distribution of pathogens is different from that in other parts of China.