| Objective:By analyzing the monitoring data of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus in Jilin Province from 2014 to 2018,the present situation of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus contamination and the distribution of enterotoxin and drug resistance were understood,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus food poisoning and the rational use of antibiotics.Methods:The monitoring data of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus contamination in Jilin Province from 2014 to 2018 were obtained from the Platform of the National Food Microbial Risk Monitoring Data Collection System.The enterotoxigenic and drug resistance data of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were obtained from the Microbiological Laboratory Department of Jilin Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,a total of 186 samples.The exported data included 5129 samples of14 types of food from 9 prefecture-level cities(autonomous prefectures)in Jilin Province,all of which were classified according to the requirements of the monitoring program.In this paper,SPSS 24.0 software was used to process and analyze the data,mainly describing the time distribution and regional distribution,comparing the contamination of food Staphylococcus aureus and the distribution of enterotoxin and drug resistance in different food categories,different sampling links and different packaging types,and describing the application rate and composition ratio of the classified data.Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact probability method was used for comparison between groups.Results:1.Monitoring results of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus(1)Staphylococcus aureus in 2014-2018 annual average detection rate was3.63%(186/5129),of which 2014 annuity keeps highest detection rate(5.24%),in2018 the Portuguese bacteria detection rate(1.64%),the lowest detection rate changes present the downward trend in five years(χ~2=29.939,P<0.01).The average annual detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus in 9 cities and prefectures in Jilin Province was 1.45%-5.58%,with higher detection rates in Baicheng and Changchun,followed by Tonghua and Baishan.(2)The detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus in 14 kinds of food was0.87%-9.00%,with the highest detection rate of quick-frozen rice and flour products(9.00%),followed by meat and meat products(8.39%),baked and fried food(3.44%),and food and beverage(3.41%).No Staphylococcus aureus was detected in nuts and seeds and their processed products,vegetables and their products,aquatic products and beverages.(3)The detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus in the catering service link was3.58%(74/2069),and that in the circulation link was 3.66%(112/3060).There was no statistical difference in the detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus in these two links(χ~2=0.025,P=0.875).The detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus in food and beverage service links was 2.08%-5.61%,among which the detection rate of fast food restaurants and snack bars was the highest,and the detection rate of beverage stores was the lowest.The detection rate in circulation link was 1.38%-14.29%,with the highest detection rate in wholesale market,the lowest in convenience store/retail store,and no Staphylococcus aureus was detected in roadside stalls and shops around the school.(4)Bulk food overall detection rate was 4.01%(163/4064),pre-packaged food overall detection rate was 2.16%(23/1065),bulk food quick-frozen rice flour products s.aureus bacteria detection rate is highest,at 12.77%,followed by meat and meat products,at 7.84%,pre-packaged food meat and meat products in the highest detection rate,at 10.98%,followed by quick-frozen rice flour products,at 5.66%,only the different packaging types of Frozen drinks s.aureus bacteria detection rate was statistically difference(P<0.05),and other food categories were no statistical difference.2.Situation of Staphylococcus aureus isolates(1)The positive rate of total enterotoxin from 2014 to 2018 was 47.85%(89/186).Enterotoxin,2018 before the highest positive rate,60%(6/10),2017enterotoxin positive rate,the lowest was 27.78%(5/18),different years enterotoxin positive rate was statistically difference(χ~2=10.803,P<0.05).The detection rate of state enterotoxin in 9 cities of Jilin Province was 28.57%-66.67%,Baishan city and Baicheng city were higher and Changchun city was lowest.(2)Catering and service industry enterotoxin positive rate was 47.30%,circulation enterotoxin positive rate was 48.21%,in the midst of catering and service industry,street vendors enterotoxin positive rate is highest,70.00%,followed by drinks store,positive rate was 66.67%,a fast food restaurant positive rate,the lowest was 33.33%,in circulation,the wholesale market enterotoxin positive rate was100.00%,followed by snack processing shop,positive rate was 60.00%(9/15),the supermarket is lowest,38.71%.(3)The positive rate of enterotoxin was 50.92%(83/163)in bulk food samples and 26.09%(6/23)in prepackaged food samples.The positive rate of enterotoxin in rural food samples was 53.85%(7/13),and that in urban food samples was 47.40%(82/173).The positive rate of enterotoxin was the highest in the fourth quarter(63.64%,7/11).(4)The drug resistance rate of the isolates was 94.62%(176/186),among which the drug resistance rate of PEN was the highest(92.47%),followed by ERY,TET and GEN.All the isolates were sensitive to VAN.There were 41 strains with single resistance,accounting for 22.04%(41/186)of all strains,34.95%(65/186)with double resistance,37.63%(70/186)with multiple resistance.There were 5 classes of most antibiotic resistant strains,and a total of 12 drug resistance spectra were produced,among which 38 strains were resistant to PEN,and PEN was the dominant drug resistance spectrum.(5)The drug resistance rate of S.aureus isolates in nine cities and prefectures of Jilin Province was above 85%,and the drug resistance rate in Jilin,Liaoyuan and Songyuan was the highest,and the drug resistance rate in Siping and Baishan was the lowest.The rate of multiple drug resistance in Baishan was the highest(66.67%),followed by Changchun(47.62%)and Yanbian Prefecture(16.67%).The drug resistance rate of most foods was more than 90%,and the isolates in eggs and egg products,condiments,frozen drinks,milk and dairy products,fruits and fruit products and quick-frozen rice and noodles products were all drug-resistant strains.The multiple drug resistance rate of meat and meat products and quick-frozen rice and noodles products was the highest,with 45.57%and 44.44%,respectively,followed by catering food with 35.71%.Conclusions:1.The detection rate of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus in Jilin Province was decreasing year by year from 2014 to 2018,but the detection rate of wholesale markets and fast food restaurants was relatively high,and the detection rate of quick-frozen rice and noodle products,meat and meat products in food categories was relatively high;2.The enterotoxin positive rate of S.aureus strains isolated from food in wholesale markets and street stalls was relatively high,and the enterotoxin positive rate of quick-frozen rice and noodle products,meat and meat products was relatively high;3.Staphylococcus aureus positive foods in Jilin province were generally resistant to drugs,and PEN+ERY was the dominant drug resistance spectrum,among which the drug resistance of S.aureus isolated from food in Jilin,Liaoyuan and Songyuan was relatively serious. |
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