Expression Of STim-3 And Flt3L In Serum Of Patients With Breast Cancer And Its Clinical Significance

Objective: T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain molecule-3(Tim-3)is a hot molecule in tumor immunotherapy after programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen(CTLA-4)negative immune checkpoint.Tim-3,as a negative costimulatory molecule,is widely expressed in different cells of congenital and acquired immune responses,and plays a unique role in the occurrence and development of tumors by regulating multiple immune regulatory pathways.Flt3 L is an important regulator of dentritic cells homeostasis and development of dendritic cells.It inhibits the growth of malignant tumors by promoting DCs proliferation and driving T cells-mediated anti-tumor immunity in vivo.The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of soluble Tim-3(s Tim-3)and its ligand galactose lectin 9(Galectin-9)and carcinoembryonic antigen associated cell adhesion molecule 1(CEACAM1),fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand(Flt3L)in serum of patients with breast cancer and their relationship with clinical pathology,so as to explore their clinical value in breast cancer.Methods:(1)The sera of 90 patients with breast cancer were collected from the Department of Thyroid-Breast Surgery,Wuhan No.1Hospital from July 2019 to December 2020 were selected.the venous blood of the patients were collected before treatment and the serum was separated.All patients were confirmed by histopathology.60 healthy subjects matched in age and sex were selected as the control group at the same time.(2)The clinicopathological data of related cases were collected.Including age,tumor size,histologicalgrade,clinicopathological stage,axillary lymph node metastasis,immunohistochemical results,molecular typing and so on.(3)the levels of serum s Tim-3,Galectin-9,CEACAM1 and Flt3 L in patients with breast cancer and healthy controls were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(Elisa).The laboratory indexes such as white blood cell count,neutrophil count,lymphocyte count,albumin,chole sterol,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,superoxide dismutase,carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 15-3 were detected.The relationship between the expression of serum s Tim-3,Galectin-9,CEACAM1 and Flt3 L and the clinicopathological data of breast cancer was analyzed.The diagnostic efficacy of serum s Tim-3,Galectin-9 and Flt3 L in bre-ast cancer was analyzed by receiver working curve(ROC),and the correlation with laboratory indexes was analyzed.Results:(1)compared with healthy controls,the expression levels of LDL-C,CEA and CA15-3 were significantly increased,while LYN,ALB,HDL-C and SOD were significantly decreased in patients with breast cancer.There was no significant difference in WBC,LEU,TC and TG.The expression of s Tim-3 and Galectin-9 in breast cancer patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls,while the expression of CEACAM1 in breast cancer patients was significantly lower than that in healthy controls,while the expression of Flt3 L in breast cancer patients was significantly lower than that in healthy controls.(2)the level of serum s Tim-3 expression in patients with breast cancer was significantly correlated with age,tumor size,clinical stage and axillary lymph node-metastasis.There was no significant correlation with histological grade,Ki67 expression,p53 expression,estrogen receptor(ER)expression,progesterone receptor(PR)expression,human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)expression and molecular typing.There was no significant correlation between the expression levels of Galectin-9 and Flt3 L and clinicopathological data.The level of serum CEACAM-1expression in patients with breast cancer increased with the increase of histological grade(P<0.05),but had no significant correlation with other clinicopathological data(P>0.05).(3)the area under the curve and95%CI of Tim-3,Galectin-9 and Flt3 L in the diagnosis of breast cancer were 0.741(0.666-0.816),0.692(0.599-0.785)and 0.8391(0.7791-0.8991),respectively.(4)Serum s Tim-3 was positively correlated with age,TC,CA15-3 and Galectin-9 expression,and negatively correlated with HDL-C.There was no significant correlation with WBC,NEU,LYN,ALB,TG,LDL-C,CEA,SOD and CEACAM1.There was no significant correlation between serum Galectin-9 expression level and clinical laboratory indexes in patients with breast cancer.The level of serum CEACAM1 expression in patients with breast cancer was positively correlated with CEA and CA15-3,but not with other clinical indexes(P>0.05).The level of serum Flt3 L in patients with breast cancer was positively correlated with ALB,CEA and s Tim-3(P<0 05),but not with other indexes(P>0 05).Conclusion: The expression levels of serum s Tim-3 and Galectin-9 in breast cancer patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls,and there was a positive correlation between them.Serum s Tim-3 has a good diagnostic efficacy for breast cancer,and is related to a number of clinicopathological data,and may become a biomarker of breast cancer.There is no significant difference in the expression level of CEACAM1 between the normal group and the normal group,but it tends to increase with the histological grade of the tumor,and it is significantly correlated with the traditional serum tumor markers of breast cancer.Further study is needed.The level of serum Flt3 L expression in patients with breast cancer is significantly lower than that in the control group,which has a good diagnostic value for breast cancer.