Study On 0-3 Child Care In The Maternity Security System Under The New Social Risk

Since the 1950 s,the state has called on women to participate in labor production extensively,most women bear the dual responsibilities of work and family.Since 2000,female labor participation rate has been declining,which is undoubtedly the result of work-family imbalance.The decline of female labor participation rate is closely related to the difficulty of differentiating child care responsibilities.Social changes such as family structure miniaturization,population ageing and two-child birth have made child care more prominent.Family policies and social services related to 0-3 child care are inadequate.C hild care is the difficulty of women’s work-family balance.The maternity security system is a social policy concerning the rights and interests of women and children.China’s maternity protection security system provides support for child care.Improving 0-3 child care in the maternity guarantee system is of great significance to women’s work-family balance.This paper takes 0-3 child care in the maternity security system as the research object,analyzes the internal and external causes,and the internal cause is the grasp of the maternity security system itself,the external cause is the challenge of analyzing the maternity security system from the social change.The child care in the maternity security system has experienced the development of unit security to social security.According to the three aspects of time,economy and service,the child care content in the maternity security system is found to be very limited.The reasons for the lack of child care in the maternity protection system are the natural motherhood status of women,the dependency of treatment,the limited financial support and the lack of laws and regulations.In order to further recognize the problems of child care in the maternity security system,the new social risk theory is used as a framework,combined with the data of the C hinese family tracking survey,to consider the changes in the supply and demand of children’s care from the three aspects of women’s extensive employment,aging,and private services.Employment has reduced the supply of child care,aging has weakened the supply of child care for the e lderly,and private services such as child care institutions and babysitters are lacking,and the problem of child care deficits under the new social risks is highlighted.The absence of care will induce the withdrawal of female labor market.Women’s inadequate employment means the strengthening of women’s subsidiary status and the insufficiency of social welfare.The maternity security system urgently needs to improve child care treatment.The European welfare state first paid attention to work-family balance new risk.This paper draws on the useful experience of the European welfare state in dealing with the new risk of work-family balance.Considering the reasons for the lack of 0-3 child care in the maternity security system and the challenges brought b y the child care deficit under the new social risk,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions from three aspects: time support,economic support and service support to improve the child care treatment in the maternity security system,such as combining maternity leave with male nursing leave into parental leave,encouraging business associated community to carry out nursery services for children aged 0-3 and so on.