Changes In Thickness And Blood Flow Of Retinal And Choroid In Children With Amblyopia

Purpose:To study whether there are abnormalities in retina avascular density and thickness,choroid thickness and blood flow area of choroidal capillary layer in amblyopic children。Method:In this cross-sectional study,83 amblyopic children and 39 normal children were included,including 39 monocular amblyopia,44 binocular amblyopia.83 eyes in amblyopia group include 39 monocular amblyopia and44 Binocular amblyopia children with poor vision.,fellow eye group include 39 contralateral eyes of monocular amblyopic children.normal control group include The right eye of 39 normal children.The vascular density of superficial and deep capillary plexus of retina,retinal thickness,foveal avascular zone area,vascular density of optic disc and RNFL thickness of peripapillary,choroidal thickness and blood flow area of choroidal capillary layer were measured by clinical optical coherence tomography angiography.To compare the differences of these observation indexes among amblyopia group,contralateral eye group and normal group.evaluate the correlation between macular vascular density and retinal thicknessResult:In the 6 mm×6 mm scan of macular area,the mean value of SCP blood vessel density in the whole macular area between amblyopia group and normal control group was 48.90±3.22%,50.18±2.57%,with statistical significance(P=0.040);the mean value of DCP blood vessel density in the whole macular area between amblyopia group and normal control group was 48.34±5.65%,50.73±5.11%,with statistical significance(P=0.014).The density of DCP in the fovea of amblyopia group,contralateral eye group and normal control group were 34.96±6.58%,35.26±7.51%and37.46±7.17%,respectively.The difference between amblyopia group and normal control group,contralateral eye group and normal control group was statistically significant(P=0.015,P=0.045).There was no significant difference in FAZ area(P=0.332),retinal thickness(P=0.815),optic disc vascular density(P=0.398),thickness RNFL thickness of peripapillary(P=0.710),choroidal thickness(P=0.949)and blood flow area of choroidal capillary layer(P=0.859)among amblyopia group,fellow eye group and normal group.There was a positive correlation between retinal thickness and SCP vascular density,and between retinal thickness and DCP vascular density,the correlation coefficient of fovea was the largest,(P_S=0.000,r_s=0.556;P_D=0.000,R_D=0.627),the blood flow area of choroidal capillary layer was negatively correlated with SCP vascular density(P=0.002,r=-0.240;P=0.001,r=-0.264),and retinal thickness(P=0.004,r=-0.229;P=0.000,r=-0.273),but There was no significant correlation between SCP vascular density of,retinal thickness of fovea,choroidal thickness and FAZ area.Conclusions:1.The blood supply of retina in macular area of amblyopia was less than that of normal eyes,but the blood supply of choroidal capillary layer was not decreased.2.The density of deep blood vessels in the fovea of contralateral eyes in amblyopia is lower than that in normal eyes.3.There was no change in FAZ area,retina and choroid thickness in amblyopia.4.OCTA can reveal abnormal vascular density of SCP and DCP in macular area of amblyopia children.