Investigation On The Health Status Of Preschool Children In Haikou City And The Strategies Of Their Health Management

BackgroundChildren are the future and hope of a country.They are an indispensable and precious resource in the sustainable development of mankind.The health level of children reflects the overall economic and medical level of human beings,and is also a reflection of the degree of social civilization and the health level of the whole people.Improving children’s health and promoting the development of children’s health management are important for building a harmonious society.At present,preschool children are prone to anemia,insufficient protein-energy intake,dental caries,obesity and other diseases due to various nutrient insufficiencies,lack of nutrition or poor hygiene habits,which seriously affects the health of preschool children.Grow.Therefore,the investigation of children’s health status and the study of health management countermeasures are essential.ObjectiveTo understand the prevalence and changes of the health status of preschool children such as anemia,wasting,low weight,growth retardation,overweight and obesity in Haikou City,to discuss the influencing factors of the health status of preschool children,and to provide reasonable science for the health management of preschool children.MethodsUsing a multi-stage sampling method,in each of the 4 districts of Haikou,1community was randomly selected from each district,4 communities in total,1community health service center and 1 kindergarten from each community,and selected community A questionnaire survey was conducted on preschool children with a household registration in the center and kindergarten in Haikou City.Collect the data of the surveyed children’s demographic characteristics(such as age,gender,ethnicity,family income,etc.),lifestyle,daily diet,dietary behavior through self-made questionnaires.And the data of children’s health records when the community health service institutions implement the national basic public health service.The health status and distribution characteristics of preschool children in Haikou City were analyzed,and multiple linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the main influencing factors of preschool children.Results1 In this study,632 questionnaires were distributed and 596 valid questionnaires were recovered.The survey subjects were 317 boys(53.19%),279 girls(46.81%),the average age of boys was 54.87 ± 11.41,and the average age of girls was 55.71 ±11.69.2 Among the surveyed children,the detection rate of anemia among children was 12.22%,the detection rate of malnutrition was 7.14%(underweight 2.73%,growth retardation 3.57%,and wasting 3.15%),and the detection rate of excess nutrition was 12.39%(overweight 9.66 %,Obesity 2.73%).3 Multivariate analysis showed that risks of only children with anemia were lower than those of non-only child(OR=0.489,95%CI 0.248-0.963);risks of becoming thin in children of eating shrimp and shellfish for ≥5d every week were higher than those of children in <5d every week(OR=4.671,95%CI 1.376-15.856);the risks of low-body weight in minority children were higher than children of Han nationality(OR=5.042,95%CI 1.308-19.441);risks of only children with overweight and obesity were higher than those of non-only child(OR=2.679,95%CI1.524-4.710).4 Correlation analysis shows that children ’s HAZ is positively related to care by grandparents or others,family income level,weekly soy products,weekly and dairy products;it is related to household registration,cumulative daily exercise time,cumulative sleep time per day,and picky food).Negative correlation.Children’s WAZ was positively correlated with grandparents or other people’s care,only children,family income level,weekly frequency of yogurt consumption and food response;it was negatively correlated with daily sleep duration,poor eating habits and exogenous eating.Children’s BAZ is positively correlated with only children,food response and active eating ability;it is negatively correlated with the frequency of eating shrimp and shellfish and poor eating habits every week.Conclusions1 The overall health status of preschool children in Haikou City is average,and the growth and development level is lower than the WHO standard.There is still much room for improvement in anemia and malnutrition.The situation of overnutrition is better,but there is an upward trend year by year.2 There are many factors influencing the health status of preschool children in Haikou City,mainly affected by their own characteristics,living conditions,daily diet and eating behavior.Therefore,we are reminded that we should strengthen cooperation among families,communities,kindergartens,and governments,improve the children ’s health supervision system,strengthen the promotion and learning of health knowledge,improve parents ’health awareness,develop good living habits,and strengthen the supervision of community health service stations To form a scientific and standardized child health management model to improve children’s health.