Comparison Study On Extraction,Isolation,Structural Characterization And Antioxidant Activities Of Polysaccharides From Ganoderma Lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies polysaccharides（GLBP）and G.lucidum spores polysaccharides（GLSP）are the main active ingredients in G.lucidum,duing to many pharmacological functions,such as anti-cancer,anti-oxidation,reducing the blood sugar,immunoregulatory activities and so on.In this paper,G.lucidum fruiting bodies and spores from Guanxian and the fruiting bodies and spores from Longquan as the object of research,they been named the“GGLB,GGLS,LGLB and LGLS”,respectively.Their polysaccharides of extraction process optimization conditions,chemical properties,structure characterization and antioxidant activities were compared and studied.The main conclusions are as follows:Guanxian G.lucidum spores polysaccharides（GGLSP）,Longquan G.lucidum fruiting bodies polysaccharides（LGLBP）and Longquan G.lucidum spores polysaccharides（LGLSP）were extracted by hot water extraction method.The optimum extraction conditions of GGLSP,LGLBP and LGLSP by response surface method（RSM）were as follows:the liquid to raw material 48:1 m L/g,50:1 m L/g,and 49:1m L/g,respectively,the extraction time 111 min,142 min and 137 min,respectively,the extraction temperature 86℃,86℃and 84℃,and the extraction yields were 1.23%,1.71%and 1.26%,respectively.The optimum ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions of GGLSPc was as follows:the liquid to raw material 35:1 m L/g,ultrasonic time 45 min and ultrasonic power 490 W,and the extraction yield 5.32%.The results have shown that:The yield of LGLBP was higher than that of LGLSP,the yield of LGLSP was higher than that of GGLSP and the rate of GGLSPc was 4.33 times that of GGLSPc.The physicochemical properties,structure characterization of GGLSP,LGLSP and LGLBP were compared.High performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection（HPAEC-PAD）spectra showed that,the contents of GGLSP and GGLSPc higher than the content pf LGLBP,their were 72.40%、79.94%and40.94%,respectively,and the content of LGLSP higher than the content of GGLSP.The monosaccharide composition of LGLSP less than two monosaccharides（D-Glucosamine and D-Glu A）,and LGLSP and GGLSP had the same monosaccharide composition.Besides,the ultrasonic extraction method did not change the monosaccharide composition of G.lucidum polysaccharides.FT-IR spectra displayed that GGLSP,LGLSP,LGLBPand GLBP had typical absorption peaks of polysaccharides and they wereβ-pyranose.LGLBP30,LGLBP60 and LGLBP80 were obtained by LGLBP was isolated by successive displacement with 30%,60%and 80%ethanol,their polysaccharides were58.49%、26.62%and 23.84%,and their protein levels were 3.79%、3.66%and 1.47%,respectively.The antioxidation results showed that LGLBP,LGLBP30,LGLBP60 and LGLBP80had certain antioxidant activity and density dependent effect.The orders of reducing power,DPPH radical-scavenging and Hydroxyl radical-scavenging activities were LGLBP80>LGLBP>LGLBP60>LGLBP30,LGLBP>LGLBP80>LGLBP60>LGLBP30 and LGLBP>LGLBP60>LGLBP30>LGLBP80,respectively.And then draw the conclusion:The reducing power of LGLBP80 was strongest,the RP_0.5AUwas 1.71 mg/m L,and the DPPH radical-scavenging and Hydroxyl radical-scavenging activities of LGLBP were hightest,the EC₅₀were 1.08 mg/m L and 1.16 mg/m L,respectively.GGLSPc and GGLBPc had DPPH radical-scavenging and Hydroxyl radical-scavenging activities,the EC₅₀values were 3.51 mg/m L and 2.18 mg/m L,respectively,and the capacity of GGLBPc was higher than that of GGLSPc.