Study On Quality Standard Of Prepared Slices Of Chaenomelis Fructus

Objective:1 The key processing parameters of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus were studied.The optimum processing technology of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus was determined through laboratory and enterprise pilot tests.2 Analyze the quality of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus in different producing areas and processing methods,and improve the quality standard of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus.Method:1 We visited the large-scale production enterprises of drinks in Anhui and the Kangmei market in Bozhou to investigate the market circulation and processing methods of drinks of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus.2 Based on the quality standard of Chinese pharmacopoeia in 2015,the characteristic fingerprint of Chinese prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus was established,and the methods of alcohol soluble extract,harmful substance inspection and triterpene acid content determination were added to improve the quality standard of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus.The quality of prepared slices from different producing areas and different processing methods were analyzed.3 The processing of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus（water treatment softening method,slice thickness,drying temperature,etc.）was studied by single factor method.With acidity,alcohol-soluble extract,water-soluble organic acid content and triterpene acid content as indicators,the quality of different processing parameters of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus was analyzed by principal component analysis.and the optimum process was determined.The pilot scale-up test was carried out in the enterprise,and the process parameters were revised to obtain the best processing technology in line with industrial production.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the quality of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus during processing.Results:1 In this study,we visited the market and production enterprises of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus,found that the raw medicinal materials of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus in the market and enterprises were mostly from prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus in Hubei province,but less from Xuancheng.The processing technology of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus is mainly divided into two kinds:raw method（dry slices after moistening）and cooked method（dry slices after moistening and steaming）.The processing method of enterprise slices is cooked method,and most of the prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus sold in the market are raw method.The circulation of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus can only be divided into general goods and selection according to their appearance.2 The quality standard of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus was improved:（1）The characteristic fingerprint of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus was established,and five characteristic peaks including quinine acid,malic acid,shikimic acid,protocatechuic acid and chlorogenic acid were identified.The established characteristic fingerprint could distinguish the prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus from the counterfeit prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus.（2）Alcohol-soluble extracts:According to the determination of alcohol-soluble extracts（General Principles 2201）under the hot leaching method,using ethanol as solvent,not less than 15.0%.（3）The limits of harmful elements should be no more than 20 mg/kg for Cu,0.3 mg/kg for Cr,0.2 mg/kg for Hg,2 mg/kg for As and 5 mg/kg for Pb.（4）The limit of aflatoxin is that aflatoxin B₁ should not exceed 5μg/kg,and total aflatoxin（aflatoxin G₁,aflatoxin G₂,aflatoxin B₁,aflatoxin B₂）should not exceed 10μg/kg.（4）No pesticide residues shall be detected.（6）Content determination:The content of triterpene acid in prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.According to the calculation of dried products,the total content of oleanolic acid(C₃₀H₄₈O₃)and ursolic acid(C₃₀H₄₈O₃)should not be less than 0.50%.3 The results showed that prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus from Yunnan were fake and could not be used and circulated as prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus.Among prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus from different origins,prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus from Xuancheng has better quality,followed by Hubei prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus.The comparison of raw and cooked methods showed that the quality of cooked prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus was better.4 With alcohol-soluble extract,acidity,water-soluble total organic acid content and triterpene acid（hawthorn acid,oleanolic acid,ursolic acid）content as indicators,the quality of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus prepared by different processing methods was analyzed by principal component analysis.Through data analysis,the optimum technological conditions for laboratory test of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus were as follows:wash and soak 4 h,prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus medicinal materials steamed out after 20 min,while eager to 4 mm,50℃baking in the oven to dry completely.Pilot to modify the process parameters in the process,get the best processing technology for the enterprise:wash prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus medicinal materials,12 h,the wetting box steamed after 5 min before eagerly 4mm,and dried at 50℃for 3.5 hours.The results of the analysis of the factors affecting the quality of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus during processing showed that the factors affecting the quality of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus were soaking time>processing methods（raw and cooked）>drying temperature>slice thickness.Conclusion:1 The quality standard of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus was supplemented and improved from the aspects of identification（characteristic fingerprint）,inspection（limit of harmful substances）,determination of alcohol-soluble extracts and content determination,which provided certain basis for qualitative and quantitative analysis and evaluation index establishment of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus.2 This study analyzed the quality of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus from different origins from the aspects of character,identification,inspection and content determination.After identification,C.cathayensis（Hemsl.）Schneid from Sichuan and Chaenomelis Fructus from Yunnanare counterfeits of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus and can not be used as prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus.The results of quality analysis of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus from different origins showed that the quality of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus from Xuancheng was different.Comparing the quality of raw and cooked prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus,it was found that the quality of cooked prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus was better,suggesting the importance of cooked prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus.3 The best processing technology of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus was determined in this study:wash prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus medicinal materials,12 h,the wetting box steamed after 5 min before eagerly 4 mm,and dried at50℃for 3.5 h.It can be used as the standard of standardized production of prepared slices of Chaenomelis Fructus and is conducive to improving the quality of the slices.