Correlation Of Different Types Of Dysspermia And Semen Microbiota

Background Reproduction is a basic and important biological process for the reproduction of offspring and the maintenance of genetic resources.There are an increasing number of infertility occurrence in human,potentially due to the environmental deterioration.At present,about 15% couples in the world suffer from infertility symptoms,of which male factors account for about 50%.Studies have shown that dysspermia is one of the reasons of male infertility.Dysspermia can be divided into asthenospermia,oligospermia and azoospermia.It has been recognized that microbiota plays a critical role in maintaining host health.In recent years,several studies have shown that microbiota existed in seminal plasma,which can be classified into different communities according to the dominant bacteria in seminal plasma.However,the association between the seminal microbiota and dysspermia and the potential biological function of seminal microbiota remained to be revealed.Material and method In order to explore the correlation between seminal microbiota and dysspermia,A total of 159 subjects were recruited,including 22 patients with asthenooligospermia,58 patients with asthenospermia,8 patients with azoospermia,13 patients with oligospermia and 58 healthy control.Modified CTAB(Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium Bromide)method was used to extract the DNA of seminal microbiota.16 S r RNA V1-V2 amplifier sequencing was used to measure microbiota in semen.Results In this study,we found that microbiota existed in seminal plasma and five dominant phyla were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria.Then we analyzed the microbiota among dysspermia and healthy controls,asthenospermia and healthy controls,asthenooligospermia and healthy controls,oligospermia patients and healthy controls and azoospermia patients and healthy controls respectively.α diversity and β diversity were used to explain the correction of bacterial community between different types of dysspermia.There was no significant difference in α diversity among the five groups.The analysis of β diversity showed that the seminal microbiota of patients with asthenospermia(r = 0.294,p = 0.0001,weighted Uni Frac;r = 0.362,p = 0.0001,unweighted Uni Frac)or asthenooligospermia(r = 0.270,p = 0.001,weighted Uni Frac;r = 0.316,p = 0.001,unweighted Uni Frac)had significant shifts compared with healthy control,whereas the seminal microbiota of patients with oligospermia(r= 0.180,p = 0.044,weighted Uni Frac;r = 0.105,p = 0.110,unweighted Uni Frac)or azoospermia(r= 0.207,p = 0.073,weighted Uni Frac;r = 0.169,p = 0.096,unweighted Uni Frac)had no difference comparing to healthy control.Then,the LEf Se analysis was performed between dysspermia and healthy controls,asthenospermia and healthy controls,asthenooligospermia and healthy controls.We found Firmicutes,Bacilli,Lactobacillales,Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus significantly increased in patients with dysspermia.Firmicutes,Bacilli,Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus increased significantly in asthenospermia group.Gamma-Proteobacteria increased significantly in asthenooligospermia group.In healthy control group,Betaproteobacteria,Burkholderiales,Comamonadaceae and Bacilli were relatively abundant.At the same time,we discussed the potential pathogenicity of Ureaplasma,Bacteroides,Anaerococcus,Finegoldia,Lactobacillus,and cinetobacter lwoffii.We also used PICRUSt to predict the potential KEGG pathways in seminal plasma,and found the pathways of cell growth and death,lipid metabolism,enzyme families,nucleotide metabolism,amino acid metabolism,replication,recombination and repair proteins,cell division,immune system were significant difference.Finally,we used ROC to distinguish the selected biomarkers from different disease groups.Lactobacillus,Pelomonas,Propionibacterium,Propionibacterium acnes can distinguish asthenospermia patients from healthy controls.Propionibacterium,Lactobacillus,Pelomonas,Acinetobacter,P.acnes,P.copri can distinguish asthenooligospermia from health.Conclusion These results may be essential for clinical diagnosis and could be further used to develop innovative treatment strategies for patients with dysspermia.