| With the rapid development of the Chinese medicine resources industry,the non-medicinal parts after the harvest of medicinal materials and the scraps produced during the processing of the production areas have increased significantly.At present,there is no effective disposal method,which has exerted tremendous pressure on the ecological environment.This not only restricts the sustainable development of the Chinese medicine resources industry,but also seriously affects the effectiveness of the Chinese medicine resource economy industrial chain,and it is also contrary to the national green development concept.Euryale ferox,a large annual herb,was the only species in the genus of Nymphaeaceae,and its dried and mature kernels were used as a Chinese medicine named "Euryale ferox Salisb".In the process of harvesting and processing,a large number of leaves and petioles,pedicels were discarded in the river,which not only caused a waste of resources,but also caused enviromental pollution of water bodies.The previous research of our group found that Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels were rich in polysaccharides and crude fibers.Therefore,Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels were used as research objects,and the properties of polysaccharides from Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels and their use as the cosmetics raw materials were explored.In addition,the properties of dietary fiber from Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels and the effects on the intestinal microorganism were studied in order to provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of Euryale ferox resources and the improvement of resource utilization patterns and benefits.This paper was divided into four chapters to carry out related research work:1 Literature researchFirstly,herbal research on the utilization of Euryale ferox resources was performed and the relevant modern study was summarized,the extraction,separation and purification methods of plant polysaccharides were compared and summarized,and the efficacy of plant polysaccharides related to cosmetics were summaried.Secondly,the principle,characteristics and application of NIR technology were analyzed.Finally,the preparation method of dietary fiber and the interaction between dietary fiber and intestinal microorganism were studied by document research.2 Study on resource value of polysaccharides in Euryale ferox petioles and pedicelsThe isolation,purification,physicochemical properties,deproteinization process,moisture absorption and moisturization,anti-inflammatory activity and transdermal absorption of polysaccharides from Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels were studied.Three fractions,EFPP1,EFPP2 and EFPP3 were purified from Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels polysaccharide(EFPP),among which EFPP1 and EFPP2 were purer.EFPP1 was composed of four kinds of monosaccharides,rhamnose,arabinose,mannose and glucose,with a molar ratio of 12.06:9.544:3.967:9.131.EFPP2 was composed of four kinds of monosaccharides,rhamnose,arabinose,mannose and glucose,with a molar ratio of 13.69:11.64:18.14:6.616.The optimal conditions for deproteinization were as follows:papain dosage 580 U·mL-1,hydrolysis temperature 30℃,hydrolysis time 2.0h,pH7.0,the concentration of TCA 8.0%.Under this condition,the deproteinization rate was up to 85.1%,and the rate of polysaccharide loss was 16.3%.The results showed that the polysaccharide from Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels had certain hygroscopicity,good moisture retention and percutaneous penetration properties;The polysaccharide from Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels reduced the auricle swelling and the contents of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in the serum of mice,which showing certain anti-inflammatory effect.3 Preparation and quality evaluation of polysaccharide gelThrough experimental research,the formulation and preparation process of Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels polysaccharide gel were finally determined.The gel quality was evaluated for trait,pH,viscosity,content,stability and irritation.The results showed that the gel preparation had good appearance and stability,suitable pH and viscosity,and is non-irritating to skin and eyes.The content of polysaccharide in the gel was determined by a chemical method in combination with near infrared technology.The model-determined modeling method was partial least squares(PLS)algorithm with a total of 103 samples involved in the model,including 76 calibrations and 27 validations.The optical path type is standard normal variate(SNV),and the spectrum was processed by first derivative+Norris 5-point smoothing.The selected band range was 7930.47 cm-1～4842.46 cm-1.Under these conditions,the parameters of the model were RMSEC=1.25,RMSEP=1.62,Rc=0.9956,and Rp=0.9923,indicating that the model is stable and predictable.4 Study on physicochemical characteristics of dietary fiber from Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels and its effect on intestinal microorganismFirstly,the physicochemical properties of the two kinds of dietary fiber from Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels were studied.Then,the effects of the two prepared dietary fibers on intestinal flora were investigated.The results showed that soluble dietary fiber(SDF)had good stacking density,loose texture and good adsorption capacity for saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.Insoluble dietary fiber(IDF)had good water swelling capacity.The dietary fiber from Euryale ferox petioles and pedicels increased the abundance of intestinal bacteria that relied on carbohydrate consumption,which showed a positive effect on the improvement of the intestinal microenvironment. |
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