The Impact Of Relative Deprivation,Social Capital On Health Of Urban And Rural Residents In China

As an important human capital,health is not only a basic guarantee for individuals to pursue a happy life,but also a sign of national prosperity.With the implementation of "Healthy China Strategy",health has been valued and discussed by scholars in various fields.Among the many factors affecting residents’ health,relative deprivation and social capital have attracted much attention in recent years.For a long time,scholars generally believe that relative deprivation has a direct negative effect on health,while social capital has a positive effect on health.However,these two conclusions are obtained through independent tests,and few scholars consider the two factors in a unified way.Whether and how these two factors interact is not yet known.Therefore,this paper makes an in-depth study of the mechanism of relative deprivation and social capital affecting health,and analyzes the impact of relative deprivation and social capital on residents’ health and whether social capital can buffer the adverse impact of relative deprivation on health.To solve the above two problems,we used 2018 Chinese Family Panel Studies and build the interactive effect model and the mediation effect model.And we used Ordered Logit regression and intermediate effect stepwise regression method to examine the interaction effect and the mediating effect.The paper includes literature review,mechanism of action,empirical analysis,conclusions and policy recommendations.The first part explains the definitions and common indicators of health,relative deprivation and social capital.In addition,the literature on the effect of relative deprivation and social capital on health was reviewed.The second part explains the mechanism and constructs the econometric model.The third part uses CFPS2018 data for empirical analysis,and divides the data into urban and rural areas,groups and individuals for comparative analysis at different levels.Through the benchmark test,the independent effect test,the interaction effect test and the mediation effect test,we analyze the effects of relative deprivation and social capital on the health of urban and rural residents.The fourth part summarizes the results of empirical analysis and puts forward some suggestions to improve the health of urban and rural residents effectively.The empirical analysis results show that:(1)the better the human capital is,the better the health status of residents will be.In addition,education has a stronger impact on the health of rural residents than on the health of urban residents,and marriage has a stronger impact on the health of urban residents than on the health of rural residents.(2)In the independent effect test,individual relative deprivation has a negative impact on residents’ health,while social capital has a positive impact on residents’ health.And the impact on the health of rural residents is stronger than the impact on the health of urban residents.Group relative deprivation had a positive effect on the health of urban residents,while social capital had a negative effect on the health of urban residents,which was opposite to that of rural residents.(3)In the test of interaction effects,social support,social network and individual relative deprivation interaction items have a positive impact on the health of urban residents,social trust interaction items have a negative impact on the health of urban residents,while the three and individual relative deprivation interaction items have a positive impact on the health of rural residents.Social capital and group individual relative deprivation interaction item had a negative impact on the health of urban residents and a positive impact on the health of rural residents.(4)In the mediating effect test,both social support and social trust showed a cushioning effect on the relative deprivation affecting the health of residents.While social networks exacerbate the adverse health effects of relative deprivation.The innovation of this paper is reflected in the following two aspects.First,the research object is differentiated.By dividing the sample data into urban and rural areas,groups and individuals,the heterogeneity of the data can be controlled and the research rigor can be improved.Second,systematize the research mechanism,and consider the impact of social capital and relative deprivation on health in an integrated manner.We integrated relative deprivation and social capital,and tested their interaction and mediating effects on health.So we can enrich and perfect the theories and researches on the effects of relative deprivation and social capital on health.