| Increased intake of high-fat foods is one of the main causes of chronic diseases such as blood glucose and lipid metabolism disorders,diabetes,and obesity.A large number of studies have reported that high-fat diet can induce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia,and is also the common pathological mechanism and connection of insulin secretion disorders,abnormal lipid metabolism,atherosclerosis,abnormal intestinal flora,liver damage and other diseases.Therefore,preventing hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia,and exploring the mechanism of protecting the liver from damage have become research hotspots in recent years.Resistant starch has the effects of lowering blood sugar and blood lipids,improving intestinal flora,etc.At the same time,it is similar to the effect of soluble fiber.It can exert the effect of dietary fiber and has a very positive effect on patients with hyperlipidemia and diabetes.It can also regulate and protect the intestinal microflora and intestinal epithelial cells.In this study,a high-fat diet-STZ combined induction method was used to construct a mouse model of high-fat type 2 diabetes.Using Multivariate High Resistant Starch(MHRS)developed by the research group as raw material,through the study of the effects of MHRS on blood glucose and blood lipid indexes,intestinal flora indexes,liver function indexes and other aspects of highfat type 2 diabetes model mice,explore the metabolic regulation effect of MHRS on high-fat type2 diabetes model mice,and provide a theoretical basis for the practical application of MHRS.On this basis,using MHRS as raw materials and using modern food processing technology to develop MHRS specialty foods such as MHRS yogurt,MHRS shrimp crackers,MHRS potato chips,etc.,to meet the needs of special populations such as diabetes and obesity.The research results of MHRS on the metabolic regulation of high-fat type 2 diabetes model mice show that:(1)MHRS can significantly improve the blood glucose level and the content of SCFAs in the intestinal tract of high-fat type 2 diabetes model mice:MHRS can significantly improve the weight gain of mice caused by high-fat diet,and can effectively slow down the rapid increase of mouse body weight.The body weight of H-MHRS group mice is 10.17% lower than that of MC group mice.The mental state of the mice in the MHRS control group improved significantly and their actions were obviously active.After the mice were gavaged by MHRS,the contents of FBG,OGTT,and INS in the H-MHRS group decreased by 148.20%,61.47%,and 45.64%,and the liver glycogen content increased by 67.52%compared with the MC group.Compared with the MC group,the FMN and GHb content of mice in the H-MHRS group decreased by 45.27% and 42.13%,which effectively adjusted the blood glucose level of mice,effectively improved glucose metabolism disorders,and prevented hyperglycemia.MHRS can actively promote the fermentation of the intestinal flora to produce SCFAs,help the metabolism of SCFAs in the intestine,and promote the fermentation of acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid in the mouse intestine.The contents of acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid in the colon of the H-MHRS mice increased by 39.91%,74.92% and 78.46%compared with the MC group mice.Effectively reduce the number of intestinal spoilage bacteria,actively promote the production of beneficial bacteria,and achieve a balanced state of intestinal flora.(2)MHRS can significantly improve the abnormal blood lipid level of high-fat type 2diabetes model mice,and at the same time have a protective effect on the liver:After gavage by MHRS,the content of TC,TG and LDL in the serum of mice was significantly reduced.Compared with the MC group,the TC,TG,and LDL contents of the HMHRS mice were reduced by 45.38%,58.02%,and 70.37%,the HDL content was increased by37.08%,and the AI was reduced by 58.71%.It reduces the probability of atherosclerosis in mice,effectively regulates blood lipid levels in mice,effectively improves lipid metabolism disorders,and prevents hyperlipidemia.High-fat diet caused the increase of serum ALT and AST levels in mice,after the mice were administrated by MHRS,the contents of ALT and AST in the H-MHRS group and the MC group decreased by 62.58% and 63.53%,which effectively improved the abnormal liver function.With the increase of the gavage dose of MHRS,the LP content of the HMHRS group mice decreased by 34.05% compared with the MC group mice,and the leptin sensitivity was restored to a certain extent.The results of MHRS application research show that:(1)The best product formula of MHRS yogurt is: 1.5% MHRS,0.02% pectin,8.00% xylitol,and 2‰ ～ 3‰ of starter.The optimal production process is: the homogenization pressure is 25 Mpa,the homogenization time is 5 min,the sterilization conditions are 95 ℃,10 min,the fermentation culture conditions are 41 ～ 45 ℃,the culture conditions are 3 ～ 4 h,the post-ripening conditions are 4 ～ 6 ℃,12 h.Under these production conditions,MHRS yogurt has a uniform color,milky white,natural luster,pure milk flavor,moderate sour-sweet ratio,and a good taste.The structure is fine and uniform,with good consistency,smooth,no powdery astringency,no whey precipitation,and the product meets quality standards.(2)The best product formula of MHRS shrimp crackers is: The dosage of MHRS is 25%,the dosage of wheat starch is 30%,the dosage of whole egg liquid is 65%,the dosage of water is 40%,the dosage of corn oil is 7%,the dosage of salt is 1%,the dosage of xylitol is 2%,and the dosage of shrimp skin is 3%.The optimal production process is: the baking temperature is 170 ℃,the baking time is 30 min,the thickness of the noodles is about 2 ～ 3 mm,and the strip width is about2 ～ 3 mm.Under these production conditions,the MHRS shrimp strips are uniform in color,golden yellow,with natural luster,crispy taste,obvious shrimp flavor,good taste,good hardness,and the products meet the quality standards.(3)The best product formula of MHRS potato chips is: 20% MHRS,25% water content in the embryo,55% whole potato powder,85% potato starch,15% corn starch,and 1% salt.The optimal production process is: baking time 30 min,noodle thickness about 1.5 mm,bottom fire150 ℃,noodle fire 170 ℃.Under these production conditions,MHRS potato chips have uniform color,golden yellow,natural luster,crisp taste,moderate fragrance,good taste,good crispness,and the product meets quality standards. |
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