Emergency Response To Public Health Emergencies In China Policy Text Evaluation Study

Nowadays,the spread and contagion of public health emergencies have broken national and cultural boundaries,and if effective emergency response plans are not adopted,they are likely to be intertwined with other social crises,putting public life and property safety under risky situations.For this reason,the Chinese government has issued a large number of policy texts as legitimate tools to effectively respond to risky crises,giving direction to the development of emergency response.However,there is still no objective and accurate method to judge the scientificity of policy settings.Therefore,there is an urgent need to establish a scientific and standardized policy evaluation system with clear guidelines to scientifically measure the relative rationality of existing policy texts and minimize the subjectivity and ambiguity of policy evaluation.This study takes the theory of policy tools and policy evaluation theory as the theoretical basis,and conducts a quantitative evaluation study of policy texts with 187 policy emergency response policies issued at the central level from 2003 to 2020 as the research objects.First,we analyzed the time of policy issuance,types of policies and subjects covered based on the content analysis method to clarify the policy evolution trend;meanwhile,we explored the match between the use of policy tools and the achievement of policy goals at the current stage based on the policy tool-policy goal combination framework.Second,we used social network analysis,system analysis,and Delphi method to screen policy evaluation indicators,and combined hierarchical analysis with ELECTRE to propose a comprehensive policy evaluation model as a methodological support for evaluating emergency response policies for public health emergencies,in order to compensate for the information uncertainty in the process of multi-expert evaluation by traditional evaluation methods.Finally,the emergency disposal special policies introduced at different stages at the central level were selected for empirical study,and on the basis of testing the practicality of the policy evaluation model,the index calculation results were further analyzed to define and diagnose the problems in the formulation and implementation of policy texts,and then targeted policy optimization solutions were proposed from each policy evaluation index level.Thus,it can be seen that the rational application of quantitative evaluation results of policy texts can help to make up for the problems of missing policy content chains and blanking of operational implementation details,and thus provide an auxiliary decision-making basis for policy refinement,correction,remediation,and iteration,so as to promote the standardization process of top-level design of emergency response.