A Study On Sino-Vietnamese Medical Cooperation During The Cold War

During the Cold War,when international relations were complicated,China was confronted by a Western bloc led by the United States.On the other hand,relations between China and the Soviet Union were deteriorating,and the Sleeper Cell.At this time,the United States has long coveted Vietnam,took a series of military action,for a time,Indochina was overshadowed by the shadow of war.US military aircraft and ships continue to invade Chinese territory,killing and injuring Chinese civilians,threatening the security of China’s southwestern border areas.In this context,at the request of the Viet Nam Workers’ party,China formulated the policy of assisting Viet Nam to resist the United States.The aid to Vietnam and the resistance to the United States is not only embodied in political,economic,military and cultural aspects,but also includes medical aid and cooperation closely related to people’s lives.During the period of aiding Vietnam and resisting the internationalism,the Chinese people carried forward the spirit of selflessness and provided medical assistance to the Vietnamese people.Among them,it mainly provides direct assistance in the construction of the NAM Khe Sanh hospital,medical equipment and medicines,dispatching military doctors to Vietnam,treating Vietnamese border people,and providing medical care for Vietnamese students in China.In addition to direct assistance,China and Vietnam have also conducted exchanges and cooperation in exploring the medical system and learning medical technology.During the Vietnam War,the North Vietnam broke away from the influence of the colonial period and embarked on the path of mass based health care,establishing and perfecting the health system and laying the foundation for Vietnam’s health care reform in the future.Based on the background of the Cold War,this paper discusses the motive,aim,concrete way and effect of sino-vietnam medical cooperation during the period of aid-vietnam-resist-america.This article is divided into the following four parts:The first part focuses on the exploration of health system in modern Vietnam.After the arrival of the French colonists,Vietnam’s political,economic,cultural,medical and other aspects of transformation,directly led to the collapse of the old health care system.In order to consolidate their rule,the French colonists used medical treatment as a tool to advocate so-called "civilization" and "enlightenment".During the French period,the medical system only served the colonial rulers and a small number of pro-french Vietnamese elites.Ordinary Vietnamese could not enjoy high-quality medical services.However,the colonial government rejected the existence of eastern medicine in the system level,did not recognize the legitimacy of the existence of eastern medicine,eastern medicine can only survive in the cracks.As a representative of the civilization and modernization of Vietnam’s Western medicine situation is also very embarrassing.On the one hand,the French colonialists did not allow Vietnam’s western medicine to compete with the French for jobs.On the other hand,the Vietnamese people regarded Western medicine as far from the people and as a kind of pro-french national scum.Under such circumstances,the Communist Party of Vietnam led by Ho Chi Minh,in the course of the revolutionary practice,united the Eastern and Western medicine of Vietnam,and gradually explored a medical and health path suited to the actual situation in Vietnam.The second part expounds the reasons and concrete ways of China’s medical assistance and cooperation to Vietnam.China’s medical assistance and cooperation to Vietnam is mainly motivated by political motives: Medical Assistance is an important component of all kinds of assistance in the context of the policy of aiding Vietnam and resisting the United States.Influenced by the political ideology of the CPC,it is a natural principle of internationalism that foreign aid is needed when the revolution is won,and medical care,as a service close to people’s lives,will certainly play an important role in this process.China’s medical assistance is mainly embodied in the construction of the NAM Hsi Shan Hospital,the dispatch of Vietnamese military doctors,the treatment of Vietnamese border residents and the treatment of Vietnamese students in China.The third part discusses another aspect of medical cooperation between China and Vietnam —— Institutional Cooperation.After the establishment of the North Vietnamese regime,there was an urgent need to break the influence of the French colonial system on Vietnam,build up national self-confidence and unite the people,and decided to learn from the experience of the Chinese Patriotic Health Movement in the 1950s-1960s,china and Vietnam frequently send health delegations to each other for experience sharing and technical exchanges.The fourth part discusses Vietnam’s role in sino-vietnam medical cooperation.After its independence,Viet Nam insisted on focusing medical care on the areas most needed by the people.In the context of the war,when there was a shortage of medicine and equipment,and in accordance with the actual situation,bcg vaccine was used for preventive vaccination to prevent the spread of the epidemic and improve the health of the people,demonstrates a certain level of public health governance in the North Vietnam government.Under the background of the new crown disease,the way of medical cooperation between China and Vietnam during the anti-american war is worthy of our reference.