Aims:1.The purpose of our experiment is to investigate the effects of 5 and 10 times iodide intake on thyroid function,liver,fat and heart of offspring rats during weaning(PN21).2.We aim to investigate the effects of 100 times high iodide,iodide adjustment and/or1,25(OH)2D3on thyroid function,liver,fat and heart of offspring rats(PN120).Methods:1.8-week-old Wistar rats were mated at 2:7 after one week of adaptation.A positive vaginal plug in the female rats confirmed gestation.The pregnant rats were randomly assigned to normal iodide intake(NI),5 times high iodide intake(5 HI)and10 times high iodide intake(10 HI).All pregnant rats were free to ingest feed(iodine content was 500μg/kg),but potassium iodide(KI)solution was added to drinking water at different doses.The final iodide uptake of the three groups of mice was 12.5μg/d,62.5μg/d and 1,25μg/d,respectively.Different concentrations of high iodide were fed to the offspring until PN21(weaning),and the offspring were taken as the study object.At PN21,we measured body weight,length and body mass index(BMI).Take blood from femoral artery,the levels of FT4,FT3,TSH,TPOAb,TGAb,ITG,1,25(OH)2D3and noradrenaline(NE)in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Determination of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and free fatty acids(FFA)in serum,liver tissue and adipose tissue homogenates in offspring Wistar rats by microplate reader concentration.The m RNA expression of CYP7A,LDLR,SREBP-1c,ME,TRαand TRβin the thyroid,the m RNA expression of TRαand TRβin the liver tissue and the m RNA expression ofβ-MHC and SERCA2 in the heart were measured by Real-time Quantitative PCR(q PCR).2.The offspring were explored different times high iodide(NI,100 HI)from PN21 to PN90,NI group as control,100 HI group were randomly divided into the following four groups:continued to 100 HI group,continued to 100 HI+1,25(OH)2D3group,adjustment from 100 HI to NI group,and Adjustment from 100 HI to NI+1,25(OH)2D3group.1,25(OH)2D3was administered by gavage at a dose of 5μg/kg(200IU/kg)every day until 120 days in offspring.The levels of FT4,FT3,TSH,TPOAb,TGAb,ITG,1,25(OH)2D3and NE in serum were measured by ELISA.Determination of LDL-C,TG,TC,and FFA in serum,liver tissue and adipose tissue homogenates in offspring Wistar rats by microplate reader concentration.The m RNA expression of CYP7A,LDLR,SREBP-1c,ME,TRαand TRβin the thyroid,the m RNA expression of TRαand TRβin the liver tissue and the m RNA expression ofβ-MHC and SERCA2 in the heart were measured by q PCR.Result:For the offspring at PN211.Body weight,length and BMI:Compared with the NI group,there was no significant difference in body weight,length and BMI in 5 HI and 10 HI group(p>0.05).2.Serum thyroid hormone and autoantibody levels:Compared with the NI group,the levels of FT3,FT4 and Tg Ab in serum increased significantly in 5 HI and 10 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with 5 HI group,the levels of FT4 and Tg Ab in serum increased significantly in 10 HI group(p<0.05),while there was no significant difference in TSH and TPOAb(p>0.05).3.Serum ITG level:Compared with the NI group,the level of ITG in serum decreased significantly in 10 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with 5 HI group,the levels of ITG in serum decreased significantly in 10 HI group(p<0.05).4.Serum 1,25(OH)2D3level:Compared with the NI group,the level of1,25(OH)2D3in serum decreased significantly in 10 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with 5 HI group,the levels of 1,25(OH)2D3in serum decreased significantly in 10 HI group(p<0.05).5.Serum NE level:Compared with the NI group,the level of NE in serum decreased significantly in 10 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with 5 HI group,the levels of NE in serum decreased significantly in 10 HI group(p<0.05).6.Serum LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA concentrations:Compared with the NI group,the concentrations of LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA in serum decreased significantly in 10HI group(p<0.05).Compared with 5 HI group,the concentrations of LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA in serum decreased significantly in 10 HI group(p<0.05),while there was no significant difference between 5 HI and 10 HI group(p>0.05).7.Liver tissue homogenates LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA concentrations:Compared with the NI group,the concentrations of LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA in liver tissue homogenates decreased significantly in 10 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with 5 HI group,the concentrations of LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA in liver tissue homogenates decreased significantly in 10 HI group(p<0.05),while there was no significant difference between 5 HI and 10 HI group(p>0.05).8.Adipose tissue homogenates FFA concentrations:Compared with the NI group,the concentrations of FFA in adipose tissue homogenates increased significantly in 5HI and 10 HI group(p<0.05)while there was no significant difference between 5 HI and 10 HI group(p>0.05).9.The m RNA expression of CYP7A,LDLR,ME and SREBP-1C in liver tissue:Compared with NI group,the m RNA expression of CYP7A,LDLR,ME and SREBP-1C of liver tissue in 5 HI and 10 HI group were not significantly changed in the offspring at PN21(p>0.05).10.The m RNA expression of TRαand TRβin liver tissue:Compared with NI group,the m RNA expression of TRαin liver tissue decreased significantly in 5 HI group(p<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the m RNA expression of TRβin the offspring at PN21(p>0.05).11.The m RNA expression of TRαand TRβin adipose tissue:Compared with NI group,the m RNA expression of TRαin adipose tissue decreased significantly in 10HI group(p<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the m RNA expression of TRβin the offspring at PN21(p>0.05).12.The m RNA expression ofβ-MHC and SERCA2 in heart tissue:Compared with NI group,the m RNA expression ofβ-MHC and SERCA2 of heart tissue in 5 HI and 10 HI group were not significantly changed in the offspring at PN21(p>0.05).For the offspring after treatmentat PN1201.Serum thyroid hormone and autoantibody levels:Compared with the NI group,the levels of FT3 and FT4 in serum decreased significantly in continued to 100 HI group,TSH,TPOAb and Tg Ab levels increased significantly(p<0.05).Compared with continued to 100 HI group,FT3 and FT4 levels were significantly improved in continued to 100 HI+1,25(OH)2D3group,adjustment from 100 HI to NI group and adjustment from 100 HI to NI+1,25(OH)2D3group(p<0.05),while there was no significant difference in TPOAb,Tg Ab levels(p>0.05).2.Serum NE level:Compared with the NI group,the level of NE in serum increased significantly in continued to 100 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with continued to 100 HI group,the levels of NE in serum decreased significantly in continued to 100 HI+1,25(OH)2D3group,adjustment from 100 HI to NI group and adjustment from 100 HI to NI+1,25(OH)2D3group(p<0.05).3.Serum LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA concentrations:Compared with the NI group,the concentrations of LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA in serum increased significantly in continued to 100 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with continued to 100 HI group,the concentrations of LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA in serum decreased significantly in continued to 100 HI+1,25(OH)2D3group,adjustment from 100 HI to NI group and adjustment from 100 HI to NI+1,25(OH)2D3group(p<0.05).4.Liver tissue homogenates LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA concentrations:Compared with the NI group,the concentrations of LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA in liver tissue homogenates increased significantly in continued to 100 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with continued to 100 HI group,the concentrations of LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA in liver tissue homogenates decreased significantly in continued to 100HI+1,25(OH)2D3group,adjustment from 100 HI to NI group and adjustment from100 HI to NI+1,25(OH)2D3group(p<0.05).5.Adipose tissue homogenates FFA concentrations:Compared with the NI group,the concentrations of FFA in adipose tissue homogenates decreased significantly in continued to 100 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with continued to 100 HI group,the concentration of FFA in adipose tissue homogenates increased significantly in continued to 100 HI+1,25(OH)2D3group,adjustment from 100 HI to NI group and adjustment from 100 HI to NI+1,25(OH)2D3group(p<0.05).6.The m RNA expression of CYP7A,LDLR and SREBP-1C in liver tissue:Compared with NI group,the m RNA expression of CYP7A,LDLR of liver tissue decreased significantly while the m RNA expression of SREBP-1C of liver tissue increased significantly in continued to 100 HI group.Compared with continued to100 HI group,the m RNA expression of CYP7A,LDLR of liver tissue increased significantly while the m RNA expression of SREBP-1C of liver tissue decreased significantly in continued to 100 HI+1,25(OH)2D3group,adjustment from 100 HI to NI group and adjustment from 100 HI to NI+1,25(OH)2D3group(p<0.05).7.The m RNA expression of TRαand TRβin liver tissue:Compared with NI group,the m RNA expression of TRαin liver tissue increased significantly while the m RNA expression of TRβof liver tissue decreased significantly in continued to 100HI group(p<0.05).Compared with continued to 100 HI group,the m RNA expression of TRαdecreased significantly while TRβof liver tissue increased significantly in continued to 100 HI+1,25(OH)2D3group,adjustment from 100 HI to NI group and adjustment from 100 HI to NI+1,25(OH)2D3group(p<0.05).8.The m RNA expression of TRαand TRβin adipose tissue:Compared with NI group,the m RNA expression of TRαin adipose tissue increased significantly while the m RNA expression of TRβof adipose tissue decreased significantly in continued to 100 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with continued to 100 HI group,the m RNA expression of TRαof adipose tissue decreased significantly while the m RNA expression of TRβof liver tissue increased significantly in continued to 100HI+1,25(OH)2D3group,adjustment from 100 HI to NI group and adjustment from100 HI to NI+1,25(OH)2D3group(p<0.05).9.The m RNA expression ofβ-MHC and SERCA2 in heart tissue:Compared with NI group,the m RNA expression ofβ-MHC and SERCA2 of heart tissue increased significantly in continued to 100 HI group(p<0.05).Compared with continued to 100 HI group,the m RNA expression ofβ-MHC and SERCA2 of heart tissue decreased significantly in continued to 100 HI+1,25(OH)2D3group,adjustment from 100 HI to NI group and adjustment from 100 HI to NI+1,25(OH)2D3group(p<0.05).Conclusion:(1)Offspring 21 days(weaning)1.The maternal rats during pregnancy and lactating periods intake 5 HI until the weaning of the offspring,the thyroid function,liver lipid metabolism and myocardial contractility of the offspring did not change significantly.2.The maternal rats during pregnancy and lactating periods intake 5 HI until the weaning of the offspring,the offspring had hyperthyroidism,the change of liver lipid metabolism(the concentration of LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA in serum and liver homogenate decreased),but there was no significant effect on myocardial contractility.(2)Different treatment of offspring to 120 days1.The maternal rats during pregnancy and lactating periods and their offspring that were maintained with 100 HI until 120 days,which resulted in hypothyroidism,liver lipid metabolism disorder(the concentration of LDL-C,TG,TC and FFA inserum and liver homogenate increased)and myocardial contractility decreased.2.Iodide adjustment and/or 1,25(OH)2D3supplementation can improvehypothyroidism,liver lipid metabolism dysfunction and myocardial contractility. |