OCTA Assessment Of Microangiopathy In Macular Area Of Diabetic Retinopathy

Objective:To explore the changes of microcirculation in the macular area of the retina and the clinical value of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)in the early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy(DR)by analyzing the characteristics of OCTA images in patients with DR.Methods:This was a retrospective study.We collected the clinical data of DR patients who were in the Ophthalmology Center of the Second Hospital of Jilin University from November 2019 to December 2020.The data of 120 eyes were analyzed in this study.With the progress of DR,DR patients were divided into 30 eyes without diabetic retinopathy(NDR)group,30 eyes with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)group,30 eyes with moderate NPDR group,and 30 eyes with severe NPDR group.30 eyes of age-matched healthy volunteers were classified as a normal control group.The information collected included the patient’s age,course,Best corrected visual acuity.A series of parameters were obtained through OCTA including the area and circumference of the FAZ,FD-300,superficial and deep retinal VD,and retinal thickness.The collected data were compared between groups.Results:With the progress of DR,the area and circumference of FAZ in the macular area increased,while the FD-300 decreased,there are statistical differences between the NPDR group,the NDR group and the control group(P<0.05);the shallow 6 mm×6 mm VD,parafoveal VD,and central area VD gradually decreased,there are statistical differences between the NPDR group,the NDR group and the control group(P<0.05),while there were no statistically significant differences in the shallow central foveal VD;deep 6 mm×6 mm VD,foveal VD,parafoveal VD,and central area VD gradually decreased,there are statistical differences between the NPDR group,the NDR group and the control group(P<0.05).In the severe NPDR group,the thickness of the outer retina and the full-thickness retina increased significantly compared with other groups(P<0.05),while there were no statistically significant differences in internal retinal thickness among the groups.LogMAR visual acuity is positively correlated with the area and circumference of FAZ,while negatively correlated with FD-300,superficial retinal VD and deep retinal VD.OCTA provides new technical support for the early diagnosis,regular monitoring and prognosis assessment of DR.Conclusion:1、With the progress of DR,the area and circumference of FAZ in the macular area increased,FD-300 decreased;superficial and deep retinal VD showed an overall downward trend;the thickness of the retina increased significantly in the severe NPDR group.2、With the progress of DR,LogMAR visual acuity is positively correlated with area and circumference of FAZ,while negatively correlated with VD.3、OCTA provides a new inspection method for the diagnosis of DR,which makes it possible to realize the early diagnosis,regular monitoring,and scientific prognosis assessment of DR.