The Expression Of MTOR-related Protein In Simple Venous Malformations And Its Correlation With Clinical Features

Background and Objective:Venous malformations are the most common congenital vascular malformations.Venous malformations usually appear from birth,grow with growth,and can affect any tissues and organs,mainly in the skin,subcutaneous and mucosal tissues.However,according to the location,nature and scope of the lesion,the clinical manifestations range from no symptoms to dysfunction,bleeding and life-threatening when the vital organs are involved.Traditional treatment methods such as sclerotherapy and surgical treatment for severe venous malformations have limited effects.In recent years,as the understanding of vascular endothelial cell-related signaling pathways has gradually deepened,especially the mechanism of the m TOR signaling pathway in venous malformations,molecular genetic treatments for etiology have gradually been applied to the treatment of venous malformations.The m TOR signaling pathway plays an important role in the occurrence and development of venous malformations.Animal and cell experiments show that the related proteins p-AKT,p-4EBP1,p-S6K1 are abnormally high expression in venous malformations.However,the expression of p-AKT,p-4EBP1,p-S6K1 in human venous malformations and their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics,there are very few reports on this aspect.The objective of this study: to detect the expression of p-AKT,p-4EBP1,p-S6K1 in venous malformations and normal venous tissues,and to determine the expression levels of p-AKT,p-4EBP1,p-S6K1 in venous malformations The correlation with the clinical pathological characteristics of patients was analyzed,and the role of p-AKT,p-4EBP1,p-S6K1 protein in the occurrence and development of venous malformations was preliminarily discussed.Methods:This study collected 31 pathological tissue specimens of patients diagnosed as simple venous malformations in the Department of Hemangioma,People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March 2020 to July 2020,and collected 20 cases at the same time.The normal venous tissue specimens of other patients undergoing surgical treatment in this hospital were used as the control group in the immunohistochemistry experiment.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was used to detect the expression levels of p-AKT,p-4EBP1,and p-S6K1 in 31 venous malformed tissue specimens and 20 normal venous tissue specimens.All data were analyzed by SPSS25.0 statistical software,and the median(quartile)was used for statistical description of continuous variables that conformed to non-normality,such as D-dimer;categorical variables were described by rate.The difference in the expression levels of p-AKT,p-4EBP1,p-S6K1 in the control group and the experimental group was performed by Mann-Whitney U rank-sum test,and the expression of p-AKT,p-4EBP1,p-S6K1 and clinicopathological indicators used Chi-square Test and Fish exact probability test.The stipulation that P<0.05 is statistically significant.Results:Immunohistochemical staining showed that p-AKT,p-4EBP1,p-S6K1 proteins were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleus,and the positive staining was brown-yellow.In venous malformations,P-AKT protein expression was negative("-")in 14 cases accounting for 45.2%,weakly positive("+")7 cases accounting for 22.6%,and positive("++")10 cases accounting for 32.3%.In the control group of normal venous tissues,17 cases with negative("-")expression of P-AKT protein accounted for 85.0%,3 cases with weak positive("+")accounted for 15.0%,and 0 cases with positive("++")accounted for 00.0 %.In venous malformations,14 cases of P-4EBP1 protein expression were negative("-")accounted for 45.2%,7 cases of weakly positive("+")accounted for 22.6%,and 10 cases of positive("++")accounted for32.3%.Positive("+++")9 cases accounted for 25.0%.In the control group of normal venous tissues,P-4EBP1 protein expression was negative("-")1 case accounted for5.0%,and weakly positive("+")8 cases accounted for 40.0%,11 cases of positive("++")accounted for 55.0%,and 0 cases of strong positive("+++")accounted for00.0%.In venous malformations,p-S6K1 protein expression was negative("-")in 4cases accounting for 12.9%,weakly positive("+")in 8 cases accounting for 25.8%,and positive("++")in 13 cases accounting for 41.9%,strong Positive("+++")6 cases accounted for 19.4%.In the normal vein tissue control group,p-S6K1 protein expression was negative("-")4 cases accounted for 85.0%,and weakly positive("+")12 cases accounted for 15.0%,4 cases of positive("++")accounted for 00.0%,and 0cases of strong positive("+++")accounted for 00.0%.The expression of p-AKT,p-4EBP1,p-S6K1 protein in venous malformation tissue was significantly higher than that in normal vein tissue,and the difference between the two was statistically significant(P<0.05).The results showed that the expression of p-AKT protein was not statistically significant regardless of gender,age,muscle invasion,nerve invasion area classification,presence or absence of phleboliths(P>0.05),and it was related to whether D-dimer increased There is a significant relationship(P<0.05).The expression of p-4EBP1 protein in venous malformations has nothing to do with the patient’s gender,age,muscle invasion,nerve invasion,area classification,presence or absence of phleboliths(P>0.05),and D-dimerization Whether the body is elevated is related(P<0.05).The expression of p-S6K1 protein was not statistically significant in terms of gender,age,muscle invasion,area classification,D-dimer,and absence of phleboliths(P>0.05),and it was related to nerve invasion(P<0.05).Conclusion:1.The expression of p-AKT,p-4EBP1,and p-S6K1 protein in venous malformation tissue is higher than that in normal vein tissue.2.The expression of p-AKT protein in venous malformations has nothing to do with patient gender,age,muscle invasion,nerve invasion area classification,presence or absence of phleboliths,and is related to whether D-dimer is elevated.3.The expression of p-4EBP1 protein in venous malformations has nothing to do with patient gender,age,muscle invasion,nerve invasion,area classification,presence or absence of phleboliths,and is related to whether D-dimer is elevated.4.The expression of p-S6K1 protein in venous malformations has nothing to do with gender,age,muscle invasion,area classification,D-dimer,and absence of phleboliths,but is related to nerve invasion.5.It suggests that the high expression of p-AKT,p-4EBP1,and p-S6K1 proteins in the m TOR signaling pathway may promote the occurrence and development of venous malformations..