The Impact Of Basic Medical Insurance System On Residents’ Income Distribution

As an emerging economic powerhouse,since the reform and opening up,China’s economy has developed rapidly and the people’s living standards have continued to improve,but at the same time,it has also brought some issues that cannot be ignored.A large amount of research data shows that the income distribution gap of our residents is increasing Growing.The 2017 Global Wealth Report data shows that China’s Gini coefficient ranks 45 th among more than 130 countries in the world,lagging behind more than 80 countries in the world,and belongs to a region with very uneven economic development.The Eighteenth National Congress of the Party,the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee,the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee,and the Nineteenth National Congress all proposed to improve the income redistribution mechanism with taxation and social security systems as the main means of regulation.Then,as an important part of social security,does medical insurance regulate the distribution of national income and wealth and fulfill the goals of "fairness" and "justice" in income distribution?This article systematically analyzes the effect of the basic medical insurance system on the income distribution of Chinese residents from the theoretical and empirical aspects,and gives relevant policy recommendations based on the empirical results.First,the connotation of the basic medical insurance system and income distribution effects are explained at the theoretical level,and the mechanism of the basic medical insurance system affecting the income distribution of residents is analyzed on the basis of related theories.Second,the basic medical insurance in China is studied at a macro level.The status quo of the reform and development of the system summarizes the current operating status of China’s basic medical insurance system,and analyzes the current status of income distribution of residents in China using macro data.Finally,based on theoretical analysis and practical analysis,micro-data is used to demonstrate empirical methods.Study the impact of China’s basic medical insurance system on residents’ income distribution.National residents were selected as the research object.Using the micro data of the 2017 China Household Financial Survey(CHFS),the corresponding two-stage least squares(2SLS)model and Heckman two-stage model were constructed from the perspectives of primary income distribution and income redistribution.Conducted research,verified the empirical results with the Gini coefficient,and then analyzed the impact of different typesof insurance and urban-rural medical insurance systems on residents’ income distribution.The main conclusions and policy recommendations of this article:(1)The purchase of medical insurance has significantly increased the income level of residents in China,but the increase for urban residents is greater than that for rural residents.The medical insurance system has widened the income gap between urban and rural residents,Unfairness of income distribution for the first time;(2)There is a "high benefit and low damage" condition for medical insurance compensation.Low-income people with more medical expenses receive less medical compensation than high-income people with less medical expenses.The medical insurance system has increased the unfairness of income redistribution;(3)The integrated urban and rural resident medical insurance system helps to improve the unfairness of income redistribution of the new rural cooperative medical insurance system and urban resident medical insurance system.Therefore,the government should strengthen the willingness of all residents to participate in insurance,improve the level of medical security in rural areas,increase protection and subsidies for lower income groups,improve the system design of the medical insurance system,and actively promote the integration and implementation of the medical insurance system for urban and rural residents In order to help medical insurance better bring into play the effect of income distribution and protect the fairness of income distribution of residents.The possible characteristics of this article are: a certain degree of innovation in research methods and perspectives.Using micro data,the 2SLS model and the Heckman two-stage model are used to study the effect of the medical insurance system on the primary income distribution and income redistribution,and innovatively implement the analysis of the impact of medical insurance on the entire income distribution process.Innovatively constructed a comparative study of the influence of four basic medical insurance systems on income distribution,providing a theoretical basis for the implementation of the medical insurance system for urban and rural residents,and effective theoretical support for the reform and improvement of the medical insurance system.