A Study On The Effect Of The Implementation Of Medical Assistance In Ethnic Areas

The incidence rate and mortality rate of chronic diseases and serious diseases are increasing year by year in China.Huge medical expenses have caused a heavy burden on the family economy,thus forming a vicious spiral of "poverty due to illness and poverty due to illness".Due to the special geographical location,the minority areas are located in the four plateaus of China.The climate is bad,resulting in backward productivity and low per capita disposable income.In addition,the long-term unhealthy living habits of local residents lead to high prevalence and low overall health level.Medical assistance is a kind of medical insurance policy with the function of supporting the bottom,which plays an important role in alleviating the poverty caused by illness and returning to poverty due to illness.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the effect of medical assistance in ethnic areas.The data of this paper come from China Statistical Yearbook,China Health Statistical Yearbook and civil affairs statistical yearbook.There are three research methods used in this paper,namely Gini coefficient,Theil index and data envelopment analysis(DEA).Based on the analysis of medical assistance and related policies in ethnic areas,this paper summarizes the current situation of assistance as follows:First,Guizhou has the widest coverage of medical aid in ethnic areas,followed by Tibet.Yunnan is the smallest,followed by Inner Mongolia.Second,the medical assistance standard in ethnic areas adopts gradient assistance method,and different assistance standards are divided according to different poverty levels.Among them,the medical aid for the major and serious diseases is provided by the way of cost aid and the combination of disease and cost.Through sorting out and empirical analysis of the relevant data of medical assistance,the rescue effect is summarized as follows:First,on the whole,the highest number and expenditure of medical aid in ethnic areas is in Yunnan,the lowest is in Tibet,while the highest proportion of per capita medical aid expenditure and per capita medical aid amount in disposable income is in Tibet,and the lowest is in Yunnan.Second,by measuring the equity effect of medical assistance in ethnic areas,it is found that the Gini coefficient and the Theil index are exactly the same.In 2017,the fairness of medical assistance was generally high;the fairness of ethnic areas was higher than that of non-ethnic areas;the fairness of medical insurance was the highest,followed by the overall medical assistance,and the fairness of direct medical assistance was the lowest;the contribution of ethnic differences to the overall differences of the country was low,and the contribution of non-ethnic areas was large;the difference between ethnic areas and non-ethnic areas contributed to the whole country The contribution degree of national overall differences is low,while the contribution degree of internal differences in ethnic / non-ethnic areas is very high,and the fairness effect is poor.Third,the efficiency of medical assistance and different ways of assistance in ethnic areas is generally not high,the efficiency difference is large,and the gap between the actual output and the target output is large.However,the efficiency of medical assistance affecting health is generally high,and the difference between the actual output and the target output is small.The influencing factors of the implementation effect of medical aid in ethnic minority areas are: large difference in medical aid investment,unreasonable starting line standard and large difference in regional and external aid standards,which are important factors affecting the fair effect of medical aid in ethnic minority areas.The high cost of identifying the relief object,the disconnection between government medical aid and social charity information,and the low efficiency of medical aid operation are the important factors affecting the efficiency of medical aid in ethnic areas.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the following suggestions: first,to ensure the fairness of medical assistance.First of all,we need to broaden the source of medical assistance funds,secondly,we need to set up a reasonable starting line,and finally,we need to coordinate the rescue standards inside and outside the region.Second,improve the implementation efficiency of medical assistance.First of all,we need to accurately identify the target of relief,secondly,we need to establish the information sharing mechanism between the government and social institutions,and finally,we need to establish the mechanism of supervision,reward and punishment.Third,the fairness and efficiency of medical assistance should be considered.