Association Of Plasma Soluble Receptor For Advanced Glycation End-products Levels And Metabolic Syndrome

Objective:Although previous studies have indicated a strong link between soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products（s RAGE）and several metabolic risk factors,results are relatively controversial.Here,we aimed to investigate the gender-specific associations of circulating s RAGE with metabolic syndrome（Met S）and its components among the Han Chinese population.Methods:We included 3719 participants from the baseline of the Tongji–Ezhou（TJEZ）cohort study.Plasma s RAGE was measured using ELISA.Generalized linear regression analysis was applied to evaluate the independent associations of plasma s RAGE with Met S and related individual components.Results:The median（interquartile）plasma s RAGE was 1285（911–1721）pg/m L for women and 1096（771–1503）pg/m L for men.The prevalence of Met S was 24.1%in female and 23.6%in male subjects.After adjusting for sociodemographic factors,lifestyle habits and biochemical indexes,the odds ratios（95%confidence intervals）of Met S were0.63（0.41–0.97）for women and 0.45（0.33–0.62）for men compared with the highest with the lowest quartile of plasma s RAGE concentrations.After adjusting for multiple confounding factors such as age,gender,education,smoking status,alcohol consumption,fatty liver,physical exercise,glomerular filtration rate,uric acid,urea nitrogen,alanine aminotransferase,and s RAGE measurement batches,Plasma s RAGE levels still have a significant negative correlation with the prevalence of Met S.For every one standard deviation increase in human plasma s RAGE levels,the risk of people suffering from Met S is reduced by 23%.We further conducted a stratified analysis of gender,age,body mass index,smoking status,drinking status,physical exercise,fatty liver,etc.This study found that the negative correlation between plasma s RAGE levels and Met S risk remained stable in each subgroup.The inverse association of plasma s RAGE with Met S persisted in stratified analyses,and interacted with gender(P_interaction=0.03),and current smoking status(P_interaction=0.02).Gender differences were also observed in the associations of s RAGE with individual metabolic risk factors（i.e.,hypertension and hyperglycemia）.Conclusions:A high plasma s RAGE was associated with low Met S prevalence and several Met S factors related to central obesity,hypertension,and hyperglycemia.Such associations were more pronounced in men than in women.