| The key to ensuring food security is to implement the strategy of storing grain in land and storing grain in technology.The core of storing grain in the land is cultivated land.If we want to make scientific and reasonable use and protection of cultivated land resources and firmly guard the granary,we should implement strict protection system of cultivated land utilization and firmly stick to the bottom line of "1.8 billion mu of cultivated land".As the carrier of grain production,the use of cultivated land plays a decisive role in ensuring food security.The circulation of farmland in rural areas is conducive to developing large-scale,mechanized and modernized agricultural management mode.However,with the expansion of the scale and speed of the transfer of cultivated land,the more serious tendency of "non-grain" appeared in the process of the transfer of cultivated land,especially the "non-grain" operation trend of the main body of large-scale transfer of cultivated land is more obvious.In the long run,if the trend of non-grain conversion is not controlled,it will pose a serious threat to China’s food production and supply capacity.Sichuan province as a major agricultural province,grain consumption and grain transfer province,improve grain self-sufficiency will be more conducive to ensure national food security.According to the data in recent years,the grain imported by Sichuan province is more than 14 million tons per year,accounting for about 30% of the province’s total annual grain consumption,ranking top 3 among the 32 provinces（municipalities and autonomous regions）in China.The supply and demand of grain are in a tight balance.In2019,sichuan’s per capita arable land area was only 1.1 mu,and its per capita grain possession was 417.7 kg,both lower than the national level（1.5 mu,475.7 kg）.At the same time,according to the data in the Letter of Reply of Sichuan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs to The Suggestion No.654 of the Third Session of the 13 th Provincial People’s Congress,by the end of 2019,the transfer rate of household contracted farmland in Sichuan was 40.5%,an increase of 12.8 percentage points compared with 2015.Among them,the area of cultivated land transfer,such as large planting households and professional cooperatives,accounts for 83% of the total area of cultivated land transfer in Sichuan province,indicating that large planting households and family farms,professional cooperatives and other large-scale operation subjects are the main subjects of cultivated land transfer in Sichuan province in recent years,and the transfer rate keeps increasing.However,according to the data reported by Sichuan Daily at the end of 2014,the transfer rate of farmland in Sichuan province was 24.3% in 2014,of which only 35.3% was used for planting food crops.And in recent years,the phenomenon of "non-grain conversion" of farmland has not weakened but also become more obvious.In recent years,sichuan province’s cultivated land should be planted as much as possible and the government’s series of measures,although there is a small increase in the area of cultivated land for grain,but it is still difficult to fundamentally solve the problem of "non-grain" transfer of cultivated land.In view of this,on the basis of investigation and analysis,this study studies the "non-grain" behavior of farmland transfer in Sichuan province by two major large-scale operation entities: large planters and family farms and specialized farmer cooperatives from the following aspects: First,on the basis of combing relevant research literature,this paper starts from the large-scale operation subjects of the transferred farmland to its utilization behavior,and draws lessons from domestic scholars on the reasons of the "non-grain" conversion of the transferred farmland to carry out a questionnaire design for the two main types of large-scale operation subjects with different operation properties in Sichuan Province.Secondly,through the combination of theoretical research and practical investigation and analysis,select some independent variables of importance,and use binary Logistic regression model to conduct descriptive and significant statistical analysis on the influencing factors of "non-grain conversion" of the two types of large-scale operation subjects after the transfer of cultivated land.The main influencing factors of the scale operation subject in Sichuan province on the "non-grain" after the transfer of cultivated land are obtained,and the influencing mechanism of the scale operation subject in Sichuan province after the transfer of cultivated land is summarized by analyzing the influencing factors.Thirdly,according to the above study on the main factors and influencing mechanism of the large-scale operation subject on the "non-grain conversion" of the transferred farmland,the paper puts forward some suggestions and strategies to reduce the current large-scale operation subject’s "non-grain conversion" of the transferred farmland to a certain extent and ensure the food security of Sichuan.Through research and analysis of this article,the following conclusions:（1）two types of scale operators "non-staple" after the transfer of the cultivated land were higher,the proportion of the planting large and family farm after the flow in the body of the cultivated land "non-staple" accounted for 61.60%,farmers’ professional co-operatives in the circulation of farmland "non-staple" after accounted for more than 70.37%.（2）Through binary Logistic regression model and other analysis,it can be seen that the topography of the transferred farmland has a great impact on the "non-grain" behavior of the two large-scale operators,indicating that in non-plain areas,the "non-grain" phenomenon of the two types of large-scale operators is more prominent.Especially for large farmers and family farms such as small-scale transfer farmland subject,transfer farmland price,grain production cost and purchase price,government and village collective use control or supervision of transfer farmland,has a significant impact on their "non-grain" behavior of transfer farmland.（3）According to the significant influence factors of the two types of large-scale operation subjects on the "non-grain conversion" of the farmland after transfer,the paper analyzes the influence mechanism of the two types of large-scale operation subjects on the "non-grain conversion" of the farmland after transfer mainly from topography,rent pressure,economic pursuit,policy influence and regulatory factors.Combined with the analysis of influencing factors and influencing mechanism,this paper further puts forward the following countermeasures :（1）To accelerate the development of grain mechanization,especially to speed up the mechanization of grain production in hills,mountains and plateaues.（2）Under the premise of considering the different natural conditions,social factors and the will of the transfer subject in Sichuan Province,the information platform of farmland transfer and the dynamic management and adjustment of farmland transfer price should be established.（3）Monitor the price of means of production of grain crops,stabilize the price of cash crops,select large-scale operation pilot of transferred farmland based on the "Sichuan Province Grain Production Capacity Improvement Project",continuously increase the construction of high-standard farmland and socialized services,and improve the benefits of large-scale operation of grain.（4）Accelerate and continuously promote the research and formulation of systems,policies,laws and regulations for the effective protection of cultivated land,establish hard indicators and establish control mechanisms.（5）Strengthen the guidance and education of local cultivated land management and protection personnel,village cadres and grassroots social organizations,encourage them to participate in the use supervision and rational utilization of the transferred cultivated land within the region,and get through the "last kilometer" of the protection and utilization of the transferred cultivated land.In order to help prevent the large-scale operation of the transfer of farmland excessive "non-grain" problem,maintain sichuan food security,to ensure the national food security to make greater contributions. |
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