| Yulin Sandy Soil Region is an area with high potato tuber yield and good quality in China,which is of key significance in ensuring China’s food security.However,the problems of single product type,shortage of germplasm resources and poor processing suitability in this region have restricted the main grain strategy of potato.The experiment was conducted in the potato test station of Yulin modern agricultural science and technology demonstration park in Shaanxi Province from April to October in 2019 and 2020.15 potato varieties（T1-T15）were selected for the experiment in 2019,and 16 potato varieties（T16-T31）were selected for the experiment in 2020 to study the change characteristics of soil factors,microbial and enzyme activities,yield and quality in the root layer of sweet potato.Single factor analysis,redundancy analysis The correlation between tuber yield,quality,physical and chemical properties of root layer soil,enzyme activity of root layer soil and the number of microorganisms in root layer soil of different potato varieties was analyzed by grey correlation analysis and principal component analysis,and potato varieties suitable for local planting were selected.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）With the increase of soil depth,the soil water content,electrical conductivity and nitrate nitrogen content in the potato root layer first increased and then decreased,the soil p H value in the root layer first decreased and then increased,the content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter and the activities of catalase and urease in the root layer all decreased,while the invertase activity in the root layer first increased and then decreased,The number of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in the root layer decreased.The number of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes per gram of soil in 0-20 cm soil layer increased by 29.89%,100.85%and 66.05%respectively compared with that in 20-40 cm soil layer.（2）Potato tuber yield ranged from 17.10 t/hm~2 to 96.45 t/hm~2.There were differences among different varieties.T8 and T20 had higher yield.The dry matter content of potato tubers is 14.49-25.98%,the starch content is 7.26-13.35%,the protein content is 0.36-1.36 g/100g,the reducing sugar content is 0.12-0.88%,the total soluble sugar content is 0.63-3.87%,the vitamin C content is 4.25-22.25 mg/100g,the potassium content is 16.81-24.82 g/kg,and the browning intensity is 2.62-18.48.（3）Cluster analysis showed that potato yield could be divided into three levels,the average yield of high-yield group was 75.5 t/hm~2,the average yield of middle-class group was 48.3t/hm~2,and the average yield of low-yield group was 25.4 t/hm~2.The results of grey correlation analysis showed that soil electrical conductivity and available potassium content had a great impact on potato tuber yield.Soil electrical conductivity,available potassium and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen had great effects on potato tuber quality.Redundancy analysis showed that alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and organic matter in soil were the main driving factors for the change of soil catalase and urease activities,organic matter and available phosphorus in soil were the main driving factors for the change of soil bacteria,and available potassium was the main driving factor for the change of soil fungi and actinomycetes.Correlation analysis showed that potato tuber yield was positively correlated with the number of bacteria,soil catalase,urease and sucrase activities were positively correlated with the content of soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,and the number of soil bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes was positively correlated with the content of soil organic matter,available phosphorus and available potassium.（4）The results of principal component analysis showed that 1025,shaza 15,Feiwuruita,Zhongshu 10 and Huasong 11 were the better potato varieties in comprehensive evaluation,and were recommended as suitable varieties for planting in Yulin Sandy Soil Area. |
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