Effects Of Green Manure And Soil Amendment On Soil Microenvironment,Yield And Quality Under Continuous Cropping Peanut

The experiment was carried out in the Agronomy Experiment Station and the State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Shandong Agricultural University from 2020 to 2021,and the peanut variety 604L-3 was used as the experimental materials.The experiment was split plot design,The main plot was soil tillage treatment,including no tillage after the previous peanut harvest,winter leisure,rotary tillage before the later peanut sowing（RT）;ploughing tillage after the previous peanut harvest,winter leisure,rotary tillage before the later peanut sowing（PT）;ploughing tillage after previous peanut harvest,planting winter wheat,returned to the field at the heading stage,rotary tillage before the later peanut sowing（GM）;The split plot was soil amendment application amount treatment,two levels of 0 kg hm^-2and 37.5 kg hm^-2（SA）were designed.The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of green manure and soil amendment on soil physical and chemical properties,microenvironment,plant physiological characteristics and yield and quality of sequential cropping peanut.The main results were as follows:1 Effects of Green Manure and Soil Amendment on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Microenvironment of Continuous Cropping Peanut SoilsThe wheat green manure and application of soil amendment could reduce soil bulk density in 0-30 cm soil layer,increased the porosity of soil and the proportion of large aggregates in soil of various soil layers during fruit saturation,and improved soil physical properties and optimized soil structure.At the same time,the activities of sucrase and urease in rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping peanut were significantly increased at seedling stage,flowering stage,podding stage and pod-filling stage,which improved the release and transformation of soil nutrients and then increased the contents of soil total nitrogen,available phosphorus and organic carbon,which improved the release and transformation of soil nutrients.In addition,the number of rhizosphere soil microorganisms were significantly increased.Compared with other treatments,the treatment of wheat pressing green combined with soil amendment had the best effect on improving soil physical and chemical properties and microenvironment.2 Effects of Green Manure and Soil Amendment on Physiological Characteristics and Dry Matter Accumulation of PeanutsThe wheat green manure and application of soil amendment could promote plant growth,and increased root activity,leaf SPAD value and the net photosynthetic rate during the whole growing period,enhanced photosynthetic performance of leaves,and then promoted dry matter accumulation in different growth stages of peanut.compared with RT treatment,GMSA treatment respective increased dry matter accumulation of shoot and root per plant by37.80%and 41.33%.Compared with other treatments,the improvement of physiological characteristics of serially cropped peanuts was most obvious with GMSA.3 Effects of Green Manure and Soil Amendment on Yield and Quality of PeanutsBoth wheat compaction and soil conditioner can effectively increase peanut yield.Compared with RT treatment,GMSA treatment respective increased pod yield and seed kernel yield by 36.87%and 39.80%.The main reason for increasing yield was due to the increase of fruit number per plant and kernel rate,and the decrease in fruit number per kilogram.The wheat green manure and application of soil amendment also improved the quality of peanut seed kernel.Compared with the RT treatment,peanut kernel protein and crude fat content were increased.Oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio was increased,peanut nutritional value and tolerance were improved.Compared with other treatments,the GMSA treatment had the best effect on improving peanut pod yield,seed kernel yield and seed kernel quality.