| At present,Chinese herbal medicine feed additives are more and more widely used in aquaculture.As a Chinese herbal medicine,Acanthopanax senticosus is gradually being used in aquaculture.The aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus is an active ingredient extracted from the root,stem and leaf of Acanthopanax senticosus by water extraction technology.As a green feed additive,The aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus does not have the disadvantages of chemical resistance such as chemical resistance.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the application of the aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus in aquaculture.Genetically improved farmed tilapia(GIFT,Oreochromis niloticus)is one of the main farmed fishes in China and has good growth performance.The aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus are relatively few in the study of GIFT,so this article aims to study different concentrations of the aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus effect on the growth performance,intestinal digestive enzyme activity,muscle composition,blood index,liver immune and anti-oxidant index of GIFT,provide a theoretical basis for the healthy cultivation of GIFT.This article studies from the following three aspects:In this test,540 GIFT of the same size and size were selected and divided into 6 groups of 90 fish each,with three replicates in each group.Add the aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus at concentrations of 0%,0.01%,0.02%,0.04%,0.08%,and 0.16%,and feed them regularly every day.The breeding cycle is 60 days.The main experimental results are as follows:1.The effect of dietary aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus supplementation on the growth performance,muscle composition,intestinal digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in the liver of GIFT..The experimental results show that:(1)0.04%and 0.08%of aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus group had significantly higher FBW and SGR than the control group(P<0.05);0.02%,0.04%and 0.08%of aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus group had significantly lower FCR than the control(P<0.05);There was no significant difference between HSI and VSI compared with the control group(P>0.05).We speculate that the proper amount of water extract of Acanthopanax senticosus can increase the specific growth rate and promote the growth of GIFT.(2)With the increase of aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus in the feed,there was no significant difference in water,crude fat,crude protein and crude ash in the fish muscles of GIFT(P>0.05);but 0.01%,0.02%and 0.04%of Acanthopanax senticosus extracts showed a decrease in crude fat;0.01%,0.02%,0.04%and 0.08%of aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus group showed an upward trend in crude protein.(3)The LPS activity of the 0.02%aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05);TRY activity was not significantly different from the control group(P>0.05);the AMS activity of 0.04%,0.08%and 0.16%of aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05),(4)The contents of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG)and liver glycogen in the liver had no difference compared with the control group(P>0.05).We speculate that a proper amount of aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus can promote digestive enzyme activity and enhance the growth of GIFT.2.Effects of dietary aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus supplementation on blood index and serum biochemistry of GIFT.(1)The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effect of Acanthopanax senticosus water extract on the immune indexes and serum lipid metabolism of GIFT.The experimental results show that:(1)0.04%aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus added group has significantly higher white blood cells(WBC)than the control group(P<0.05);There was no significant difference between the RBC of aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus and the control group(P>0.05);0.01%,0.02%,0.04%,0.08%and 0.16%aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus hematocrit(HCT)and hemoglobin(HGB)contents of the added group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).(2)There was no significant difference in serum AST,ALT and GLU compared with the control group(P>0.05).The content of triglyceride(TG)in 0.02%,0.04%and 0.08%Acanthopanax senticosus extract was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05);0.02%,0.04%,0.08%and 0.16%of Acanthopanax senticosus extract The total cholesterol(TC)content of the group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).3.Effects of dietary aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus supplementation on liver antioxidation function,and immune function of GIFT.The experimental results showed that:(1)0.04%,0.08%,and 0.16%Acanthopanax senticosus water extract added group had significantly higher activity of MDA than the control group(P<0.05);0.04%and 0.16%Acanthopanax senticosus extract The superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity of the supplement group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the CAT activity was not significantly different from that of the control group(P>0.05).(2)0.01%,0.02%,0.04%and 0.08%aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus group lysozyme(LZM)activity was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05);0.01%and 0.02%aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus C3 in the supplement group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Cortisol(COR)content had no difference compared with the control group(P>0.05).In summary,adding a proper amount of aqueous extract of Acanthopanax senticosus in the feed can improve the growth performance and amylase activity of gifu tilapia,and can improve the lipid metabolism and absorption capacity in serum,and the immune function of GIFT liver.This study laid the foundation for the practice of extract of Acanthopanax senticosus in aquaculture. |
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