| Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)is one main vegetable crops in China.According to different coloring peel,eggplant can be divided into four main types:purple eggplant,red eggplant,green eggplant and white eggplant.Among them,purple eggplant is the main type for production and consumption in China.Color intensity is an important commodity quality character of purple eggplant.Deep and uniform peel coloring characteristic would have fine market value.IIwever,color intensity among varieties appeared differences significantly,and also appeared some differences in the same variety under diverse environment facilities.For the high quality market requirement to the purple eggplant,deep and stable coloring varieties were significant to eggplant selection and production.In this article,the sixth generation population of purple eggplant with significant differences in color intensity,was used to analyze the inheritance of color intensity.Twelve different color intensity purple eggplants were used to analyze the relationship of color intensity with anthocyanin,chlorophyll content,and anthocyanin biosynthetic genes expression.The results were of great significance to genetic improvement of eggplant peel on coloring intensity,and further revealing the formation mechanism of different color intensity.The main results are listed as follows:1.To explore the genetic characteristics of peel color intensity of purple eggplant,six genealogical populations,P1,P2,F1,F2,B1 and B2,which were originated from two inbred lines,EP26 and EP28,were analyzed.Major genes and multiple genes-mixed genetic model of quantitative traits in plants were used.The results showed that the genetics of peel color intensity was in accordance with E-1 model,which is,two pairs of additive-dominant-epitasis major gene+additive-dominant polygene mixed inheritance model.The additive effects of major genes are equal and the inheritance of major genes is dominated by dominant effects.The heritability of major genes in B1,B2 and F2 populations were 3.46%,47.41%and 70.25%,respectively.The heritability of polygenes were 55.61%,38.60%and 18.26%,respectively.The heritability of major geneand polygene in F2 populations was 88.51%and the environmental factors accounted for 11.49%.The results contribute to the genetic improvement for the peel color intensity of purple eggplant.2.Twelve purple eggplant peel in commercial fruit stage was used as experimental materials to determine coloring intensity,anthocyanin content and chlorophyll content.The results showed that the color of EP26,EP19 and EP4 peel was darker in twelve materials.The peel coloring of Chengdu Moqie and Jiujiang Zaoqie was the lightest.The anthocyanin contents of EP26,EP19 and EP4 were 367.93mg/100g,343.44mg/100g and 372.11mg/100g,respectively,and the chlorophyll contents were 161.90mg/100g,173.14mg/100g and 165.29mg/100g.However,the anthocyanin contents of Chengdu Moqie and Jiujiang Zaoqie were 162.54mg/100g and 107.15mg/100g,respectively,and the chlorophyll contents were 265.22mg/100g and 133.07mg/100g,respectively.Through pearson correlation analysis,it was found that the color intensity of peel was positively correlated with anthocyanin content.3.QRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of structural genes and related transcription factors in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in different purple eggplant peel.The structural genes that directly affect anthocyanin biosynthesis include CHS,CHI,F3H,F3’5’,DFR,ANS and UFGT;transcription factors including R2R3-MYB,MYB5,MYBCC,bHLH49 and bHLH93.The results showed that the expression levels of CHS,CHI,F3H,F3’5’H,DFR,ANS and UFGT structural genes in EP4,EP19,EP26 and EP30 were much higher than those in EP25,EP7,Chengdu Moqie and Jiujiang Zaoqie,while the expression of R2R3-MYB,MYB5,bHLH49 and bHLH93 transcription factors in EP4 and EP26 was significantly higher than that in Jiujiang Zaoqie.Through pearson correlation analysis,the genes with higher pearson correlation coefficient were F3’5’H,ANS and R2R3-MYB genes. |
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