Study On Growth And Inheritance Of The Dwarf Mutant Dw607 In Sesame

Sesamum indicum L.(2n=26)belongs to the genus Flax,which is one of the most important oil crops in the world and has a long history of planting.In recent years,with the increase in the volume of foreign trade and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards,the demand for sesame seeds has increased year by year.Therefore,the production of urgent need for breakthrough production of new varieties of sesame seeds to cope with China’s growing supply and demand contradictions.Dwarfing breeding is an important direction for high-yielding breeding of sesame.Dwarfing resources are an important germplasm resource for cultivating dwarf plant type varieties and have been found and applied in most crops,and their dwarfing mechanism has been studied deeply.At present,a number of dwarf mutants have been discovered and created in sesame,and carried out a large number of dwarfing genes mining work.However,the dwarfing mechanism of sesame dwarf mutants remains to be further clarified.Based on the phenotypic identification of the mutant Dw607,the dwarfing trait of the mutant Dw607 was analyzed by genetic analysis of the dwarfing mutant Dw607,which was obtained from Sesame Yizhi 11 and its EMS mutant.Histology and physiological and biochemical characteristics of the dwarf mechanism of the mutant.The study of dwarf mutant Dw607 is helpful to study the causes of sesame dwarf at the molecular level and lay the foundation for sesame molecular breeding.The main results of this study are as follows:1.In phenotypic identification and genetic analysis,compared with the wild type Yuzhi 11,the dwarf mutant Dw607 had significant difference in the radicle and hypocotyl length of the seedling stage,as well as the agronomic traits of the plant height,average internode length and capsule length.Further analysis showed that the mutant Dw607 strain was mainly caused by shortening of internode length.Genetic analysis of the plant height traits of the dwarf mutant Dw607 was carried out by using a set of six generations of combined analysis and five F2:3 populations.The results showed that Dw607 dwarfing was controlled by two pairs of major genes.2.In terms of histology,compared with the wild-type Yuzhi 11,the length and width of the longitudinal cells were different at 3 days after sowing.At 6 days after sowing,the average length of the dwarf mutant Dw607 and Yuzhi 11 was significantly There were no significant differences in the mean width of longitudinal cells,and the length and width of the longitudinal sections were significantly smaller than those of Yuzhi 11 at 11 and 16 days after sowing.11 days after sowing,the radius of the cross-section cells of the dwarf mutant Dw607 and Yuzhi 11 were basically the same,and the thickness of the cortex and xylem was basically the same.After 16 days of sowing,there was no significant difference in the thickness of the epidermis 11,compared with the dwarf mutant Dw607 xylem increased more,the stems of xylem increased rapidly,dwarf mutant Dw607 seedling stout.3.In terms of photosynthetic characteristics,the contents of chlorophyll in Dw607 and Phyllostachys praecox were all increased first and then decreased,and the carotenoids of the three leaves were increased.The content of chlorophyll was low and the carotenoid content was higher in the dwarf mutant Dw607 than that in the wild type phytophthora stage at the bud stage and the early flowering stage.The chlorophyll content was higher in the flowering stage and the final flowering stage Carotenoid content is low.The photosynthetic capacity of dwarf mutant Dw607 was stronger than that of Yuzhi 11 at different growth stages.The photosynthetic products were mainly used to promote the thickening or reproductive growth of stem.4.In terms of endogenous hormone levels,the contents of five endogenous hormones(GA,Aminectin IAA,abscisic acid ABA,Brassinolide BR and zeatin ZR)in leaves,shoot tips and root tips of different growth stages were determined.The results showed that the two The content of endogenous hormones is quite different.The dwarfing traits of mutant Dw607 are the result of the interaction of various plant hormones.Among them,there was a certain correlation between endogenous hormone content and plant height growth.The results showed that 50 mg·L-1 and 100 mg·L-1 concentration of GA3could promote the treatment of Dw607,and the promotion rate of mutant Dw607 was 11.62%%And 4.65%respectively.The low concentration(12.5 mg·L-1,25 mg·L-1)of IAA could promote the growth of mutant Dw607,with the increase rates of 1.16%and 8.89%,high concentration(50 mg·L-1)Inhibited the growth of dwarf mutant Dw607 with a promotion rate of-3.09%.