| Bio-organic fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer which combines the superior functions of chemical fertilizer quick-acting,organic fertilizer long-acting and functional bacteria synergistic.Application of bio-organic fertilizer can not only improve the yield and quality of crops,but also effectively improve the soil environment.However,due to a single strain does not have a stable effect,designing and applying multi-functional synthetic microbiota,and developing bio-organic fertilizers containing the synthetic microbiota have become the forefront of the current bio-organic fertilizer industry.In this thesis,we firstly selected a synthetic microbiota with excellent plant promoting effect by a pot experiment,specifically,the combination of Trichoderma NJAU 4742,Bacillus sp.SX-9,Bacillus subtilis G10 and Bacillus megaterium SX-21.Subsequently,the synthetic microbiota was developed into a bio-organic fertilizer,and the growth-promoting effect was valuated by filed experiments,which were carried out in three lacations respectively.The following results are obtained:1.The pot experiment was used to evaluate the growth promotion effect of adding strains to grassland soil and cucumber continuous cropping soil,respectively.Adding a single strain showed inconsistent promoting effect performances,while adding the synthetic microbiota with a combination of four strains(NJAU4742+SX-21+SX-9+G10)showd consistent growth promotion effect in the two soils.2.In order to explore the growth promotion effect in the field,we further selected the synthetic microbiota with a combination of four strains(NJAU4742+SX-21+SX-9+G10)to make the bio-organic fertilizer,and the corresponding two strains(NJAU4742+SX-9),together with a single strain(NJAU4742)were also selected to produce the control fertilizers,respectively.The first-season filed experiment in Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute showed that,compared to chemical fertilizer,application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains and two strains increased the average yield of peppers more than 5.0%,and increased the vitamin C content of pepper but reduced the content of nitrate.In addition,the application of synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer increased the number of rhizosphere microorganisms compared with chemical fertilizers.The second season filed experiment showed that,compared to bio-organic and chemical fertilizers,the application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains increased the average yield by 7172 kg and 3937 kg per hectare,with an increase rate of 50.11%and 22.26%,respectively.In addition,compared to bio-organic fertilizer with a single strain and two strains,application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains increased the average yield by 4031 kg and 3535 kg per hectare,with an increase rate of 22.91%and 19.52%,respectively.Furthermore,the application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizers with a combination of four strains increased the vitamin C content of pepper compared with chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer.Meanwhile,no matter what kind of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizers was applied,the number of rhizosphere microorganisms was increased compared with chemical fertilizers.Those results showed that application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer,especially the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains,had an excellent effect of promoting plant growth and improving plant quality.We further evaluated the plant growth promotion effect of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains through the field experiments in Liuhe District of Nanjing.The results showed that application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains had an average yield increase value of 1135 kg per hectare than organic fertilizer treatment,with the yield increase rate of 45.31%;and showed the average yield increase value of 1468 kg per hectare compared with chemical fertilizer treatment,with the yield increase rate 21.34%.Meanwhile,compared with no fertilizer treatment,application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer treatments,the larger and uniform fruits,thick and firm flesh,and relatively good quality of fruits were harvest with application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer containing four strains.3.Through the filed experiment in a basic farmland in Hai’an County,Nantong City,the growth promotion effect on the crop yield in cron-cabbage-potato retation system of the application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains was further explored.The results of the first season showed that,compared to the chemical and organic fertilizers,the application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains had an average yield increase of 1368 kg and 267 kg per hectare,with the increase rate of 16.65%and 2.86%,respectively.In addition,the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains increased the number of rhizosphere beneficial microorganisms compared with chemical fertilizers.For cabbage,the results showed that,compared to the organic and chemical fertilizers,the application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains had an average yield increase of 4042 kg and 3368 kg per hectare,with the increase rate of 30.42%and 24.13%,respectively.In addition,compared to the bio-organic fertilizer with a single strain and two strains,the application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains had an average yield increase of 1684 kg and 711 kg per hectare,with the increase rate of 10.77%and 4.28%,respectively.Meanwhile,application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains,two strains and single strain significantly increased the number of rhizosphere beneficial microorganisms compared with chemical fertilizer.In the third season of potato trials,the application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains also increased potato yield,and the effect was better than applications of chemical and organic fertilizers.4.We further made the bio-organic fertilizers with the single strain(NJAU4742),two strains(NJAU4742+SX-9)and four strains(NJAU4742+SX-21+SX-9+G10)as the functional microbiome respectively,and with cow manure,straw and chicken manure,together with or without amino acid as the organic carriers respectively,and then tested the numbers of functional strains in each fertilizer through fertilizer storage test.The results showed that,number of Trichoderma reached 107 CFU/g in each bio-organic fertilizer with single strain treatment made by cow manure with amino acid and showed the superior shelf life.Meanwhile,number of Trichoderma reached 107 CFU/g in bio-organic fertilizers with two strain treatment,among which the bio-organic fertilizer made by straw and chicken manure with amino acid showed the superior shelf life.Functional microbe of Bacillus showed better shelf life in the bio-organic fertilizer made by chicken manure without amino acid.For the bio-organic fertilizers with four strain,the number of Trichoderma reached 107 CFU/g only in the fertilizers made by chicken manure with or without amino acid and cow manure with amino acid,among which the bio-organic fertilizer made by chicken manure showed the superior shelf life;and the functional microbe of Bacillus also showed better shelf life in the bio-organic fertilizer made by straw with or without amino acid.In summary,application of the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains(NJAU 4742+SX-21+SX-9+G10)can improve the crop yield and has a stable and good growth promoting effect After 90 days of storage,the number of functional strains reached the national standard in the synthetic microbiota bio-organic fertilizer with a combination of four strains produced by chicken manure as the organic carrier. |
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