Effect Of Side Deep Fertilization On Rice Yield,Quality And Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency

The side-depth fertilization technology is to complete the fertilization and the seedling transplanting at the same time when the rice is transplanted.The fertilizer is applied at one time without topdressing,which is a technical measure to save costs and increase efficiency in rice production.In order to find out the potential of side-depth fertilization for increasing yield and improving quality in actual rice production,this study was conducted in 2019 and 2020 in Yinma River,Jiutai District,using Jijing 816,Hengjing 101,and Tongjing 888 as the test materials.In the field experiment,the conventional fertilization treatment,the lateral depth fertilization treatment and the non-nitrogen fertilizer treatment were set.The conventional fertilization and non-nitrogen fertilization plots were applied according to the ratio of basal fertilizer: tiller fertilizer: ear fertilizer = 4:3:3,and lateral depth fertilization was applied in one time.The effect of side deep fertilization on rice yield,quality and fertilizer utilization was explored.The results of the study are as follows:1.Compared with conventional fertilization,the deep-side fertilization treatment increased the maximum tiller number of rice by 3.28%～14.27% and increased the dry matter weight of rice by 0.97%～18.68% at the maturity stage,but the difference was not significant.2.In terms of yield and composition factors,the deep-side fertilization treatment improved the seed setting rate,number of seeds and yield of rice.The seed setting rates of Jijing 816,Hengjing 101,and Tongjing 888 were increased by 4.46%,2.61%,and 1.98% respectively in two years;the number of seeds increased by 3.95%,21.45%,and 9.9% respectively;the average rice yield per mu was increased by 4.15%respectively,3.83%,4.56%,but the difference is not significant.3.Compared with the conventional treatment,the side-deep fertilization technology increased the whole rice rate,Jijing 816,Hengjing 101,and Tongjing 888 increased by 3.52%,0.87%,and 2.03%,respectively,which showed no significant.Reduce chalky grain rate and chalkiness rate.Lateral fertilization treatment reduced protein content,Jijing 816,Hengjing 101,and Tongjing 888 decreased by 1.33%,0.35%,and 0.03%,respectively,and the amylose content of Jijing 816 and Tongjing888 were decreased by 1.89% and 0.44% respectively.4.Compared with conventional fertilization,deep-side fertilization increased nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency.Jijing 816,Hengjing 101 and Tongjing888 increased by 3.58%,2.38%,and 4.02% respectively.It increased the agronomic utilization of nitrogen fertilizer in rice,Jijing 816,Hengjing 816,and Tongjing 888 respectively.Jing101 and Tongjing888 increased by 3.94%,6.05% and 5.15%respectively.There was no significant increase in nitrogen accumulation.Lateral fertilization at Jijing 816 increased by 0.63%,and lateral fertilization at Hengjing 101 increased by 1.20%.5.Deep fertilization can increase rice yield,increase food income,replace labor with machinery,and save labor costs.The three varieties can save costs and gains of103.03 ～ 115.85 yuan per mu,reduce non-point source pollution and achieve ecological sustainable development.