Design And Experiment Of Deep Placement Machine For Grape Organic Fertilizer In Xinjiang

Xinjiang’s unique natural environment is very suitable for grape planting,and it is one of the world’s three largest grape"heaven planting areas".Fertilization is an important part of the grape planting process.Fertilizers play an extremely important role in the process of planting trees and fruits.The application of organic fertilizer can not only promote the nutrient absorption and utilization of fruits,improve the quality of fruits,but also improve the degree of soil salinization in Xinjiang and improve soil fertility.However,in the fertilization process,there are problems such as high labor intensity,poor working environment,high labor cost,uneven fertilization and low work efficiency.Aiming at the problems in the process of applying organic fertilizer,this paper adheres to the principle of combining agricultural machinery with agronomy,and uses a combination of theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and experimental verification to carry out research on the deep application of organic fertilizer in Xinjiang vineyards.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:(1)focusing on the analysis of the deep application technology of organic fertilizer,and investigate the planting mode and fertilization requirements of Xinjiang vineyards,and propose the technical plan for the deep application of organic fertilizer.Vineyard planting row spacing is 3m～4m,scaffold height is 1.8m～2.2m,fertilization position is 50cm away from the grape roots,fertilization amount per mu is 2m~3～3m~3.The fertilizer applicator is mainly composed of disc ditching device,combined fertilizer device,automatic Diversion and overburden devices and other components.(2)Taking the organic fertilizer(cow dung),which has relatively abundant storage in Xinjiang,as the research object,the physical parameters such as particle size distribution,true density,moisture content,and angle of repose of organic fertilizer are experimentally studied,and on this basis,the contact parameters of organic fertilizer Calibration with contact model parameters.The average density of organic fertilizer is 1.49g/cm3,the average moisture content is 23.10%,and the accumulation angle is 35.47°.JKR surface energy is 0.02J/m~2,organic fertilizer-steel recovery coefficient is 0.49,organic fertilizer-organic fertilizer recovery coefficient is 0.34,organic fertilizer-organic fertilizer static friction coefficient is 0.65,organic fertilizer-organic fertilizer rolling friction factor is 0.3,organic fertilizer-The static friction factor of steel is 0.53,and the rolling friction factor of organic fertilizer-steel is 0.3.(3)Design the key components of the vineyard organic fertilizer deep application machine.Based on the preliminary research of the project team,improve the disc trenching device and the self-conducting soil covering device,and determine the disc trenching device and the self-conducting soil covering device The structural parameters and working parameters.(4)Based on the study of the characteristics of organic fertilizer materials,theoretically analyze the fertilizer discharging process of the combined fertilizer discharging device,and determine the value range of the structural parameters and working parameters of the combined discharging device;Using EDEM software to numerically simulate the fertilizer discharge process of the combined fertilizer discharging device,and analyze the influence law of scraper shaft speed,scraper spacing,auger speed,and auger pitch on the comprehensive fertilization qualification rate of the device.The optimal structural parameters and motion parameter combinations of the combined fertilizer discharging device were obtained,and the combined fertilizer discharging device test bed was built to test and verify the analysis results.The optimal combination of structural parameters and motion parameters of the combined fertilization device,that is,the scraper shaft speed is 35～45r/min,the scraper spacing is 35～45cm,the auger shaft speed is 150～175r/min,and the auger pitch is 200～300mm.(5)Based on the overall design of the organic fertilizer deep application machine,in accordance with the assembly process regulations and specific requirements of the whole machine,the integration of the whole machine is completed and the field performance test of the whole machine is carried out to test the working performance of the organic fertilizer.The qualified rate of the ditch depth of the organic fertilizer deep application machine is 80%,the qualified rate of the ditch width is 90%,the coefficient of variation of fertilization stability is 5.71%,and the coefficient of variation of fertilization uniformity is 8.35%.