| Since the reform and opening up,in order to improve the per unit area yield of crops to meet the demand of people for agricultural products,the input of chemical fertilizer in agricultural production has increased year by year,causing non-point source pollution and threatening the environment and sustainable development of agricultural production.Cotton is an important strategic material in China.In recent years,the extensive production mode of high fertilizer and high medicine has led to soil hardening and fertility decline in cotton field,affecting the yield and quality of cotton.In order to improve the ecological environment of cotton field and rebuild the high-quality cotton production and construction base in Xinjiang,the application of biological fertilizer technology in cotton industry is gradually promoted in Xinjiang.Because the use of bio fertilizer technology can improve the ecological environment of cotton field while improving the agricultural economy,it has the characteristics of externality and public goods.The private benefits obtained by farmers after using the technology are less than the social benefits,and the response behavior of farmers shows differences.Therefore,it is of great significance to analyze farmers’ willingness to use bio fertilizer technology and the amount of payment,and determine the ecological compensation range of bio fertilizer technology.This paper first describes the research background,purpose,significance and research review at home and abroad;secondly defines the relevant concepts,introduces the relevant core theory;then describes the agricultural economic development,agricultural ecological compensation status,the current situation of the use of biological fertilizer technology,the problems existing in the promotion of biological fertilizer technology and the effect of the demonstration area of the use of biological fertilizer technology in the main cotton producing areas in Xinjiang After that,the empirical analysis of farmers’ willingness to pay and willingness to be compensated for the use of bio fertilizer technology is carried out.The empirical analysis is mainly divided into two parts.The first part is based on the field survey data of the main cotton producing areas,constructs a multivariate logarithmic linear model to calculate the amount of farmers’ willingness to pay,and analyzes the influencing factors of willingness to pay;the second part constructs the CVM model and the equivalent function model based on the utility theory to calculate the ecological compensation range of farmers using biological fertilizer technology.The conclusions of this paper are as follows: firstly,Xinjiang’s agricultural economy is developing rapidly,cotton planting has become the main content of Xinjiang’s planting industry,Xinjiang’s high-quality cotton construction base has been fully started;cultivated land has been included in the scope of Xinjiang’s ecological compensation,and implemented on wheat,silage,alfalfa and other crops;Xinjiang is actively promoting the application of biological fertilizer technology in cotton planting,the application of biological fertilizer plays an important role in promoting cotton yield,reducing growth cycle,increasing soil microbial content and controlling cotton diseases and pests;farmers’ awareness and recognition of biological fertilizer technology is not high,the market competitiveness of biological fertilizer technology is low,the promotion and application of biological fertilizer technology is lack of technical guidance,and the cotton market acquisition system is lack of response support,these factors are the main macro factors that hinder the popularization of bio fertilizer technology.Secondly,through the calculation,the willingness to pay of cotton farmers for the use of bio fertilizer technology is 103.85 yuan / mu,farmers’ willingness to pay is low.Farmers have high expectations for the subsidy policy of bio fertilizer application in the future agricultural policy,and the subsidy policy is an effective incentive way to promote the use of cotton farmers.Thirdly,using the contingent valuation method and the equivalent function method based on the farmers’ utility theory,the ecological compensation range of cotton farmers’ bio fertilizer technology is estimated to be 97.22 yuan / mu～ 255.75 yuan / mu.According to the research results,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: firstly,establish the ecological compensation mechanism for the use of bio fertilizer technology,reasonably determine the ecological compensation standard;secondly,improve the degree of organization and specialization of cotton farmers,and encourage cotton farmers to participate in agricultural cooperatives;thirdly,improve the market promotion system of bio fertilizer technology,and increase the training of bio fertilizer technology;fourth,Strengthen the awareness of rural ecological environment protection of cotton farmers,strengthen the publicity of biological fertilizer technology application;fifth,we should introduce standardized regulatory policies for the marketing of agricultural means of production,and increase the investigation and treatment of fake and inferior biological fertilizers. |
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