Effects Of Agricultural Waste Returning To Field On Growth And Rhizosphere Metabolism Of Cucumber In Facilities

Due to the continuous cropping and large amount of chemical fertilizer application in the facility,the continuous cropping obstacles occur frequently and the soil deteriorates,which has seriously affected the production of Cucumber in the facility.At the same time,a large number of agricultural waste resources in Inner Mongolia are not effectively utilized,which not only causes waste of resources,but also pollutes the environment.Therefore,this experiment took facility cucumber as the research object,and set up five agricultural wastes returning to the field,including straw crushing returning to the field（FS）,straw mulching returning to the field（FG）,straw carbonization returning to the field（TH）,manure returning to the field（GF）,and fungus residue returning to the field（JZ）.By measuring and analyzing the corresponding changes of cucumber growth and development,soil physical and chemical properties,rhizosphere microorganisms,enzyme activities and Rhizosphere metabolites,the specific effects of agricultural waste returning to the field on the growth and Rhizosphere metabolism of greenhouse cucumber were explored,The results show that:1.The different agricultural waste return treatments promoted the growth of enzymes,microorganisms and metabolites in the inter-root soil to some extent compared to the control,which in turn increased soil nutrients,reduced soil bulk and p H,improved soil bulk structure,thus promoting the growth of cucumber roots and plants,and ultimately improving cucumber yield and quality.All treatments significantly increased the plant height,stem thickness,number of leaves,leaf area,number of female flowers,chlorophyll content,intercellular CO₂ concentration,root volume,primary and secondary lateral roots,number of fruits per plant and yield per plant and soil alkaline nitrogen,fast-acting phosphorus,fast-acting phosphorus,organic matter and carbon to nitrogen ratio of cucumber compared with the control to some extent,and reduced the soil p H value,while FS treatment also had a significantly higher effect on the single fruit quality of cucumber than The number of fruits per plant and yield per plant of cucumber were also better than the other treatments,and the effect of FS and FG treatments on soil insulation was also better than the other treatments.The yield per plant was 53.25%,35.44%,10.60%,31.22%and 7.53%higher for FS,FG,TH,GF and JZ treatments,respectively,compared with the control.2.Compared with the control,all treatments had effects on microorganisms,enzymes and metabolites in rhizosphere soil to a certain extent,The growth of Mycosphaerellaceae,Sporormiaceae and GP16 families was promoted by all treatments at the classification level of families,and the growth of Chaetomiaceae and Bolbitiaceae was inhibited;The effects of FS and FG on urease were significantly different,while the effects of FS,FG and th on sucrase were significantly different,only the effects of FS on catalase were significantly different;The contents of 1,2-Dimethyl-4-（6-methyl-4-heptenyl）-1,3-cyclohexadiene,2,2’,3,4,4’,5’,6-Heptabromodiphenyl ether,Acylcarnitine,DROFENINE,Lyso PE and the content of 4-NITROPHENOL was reduced.It was also found that th treatment could inhibit the growth of Erysiphaceae fungi and promote the occurrence of powdery mildew.FS and ZJ treatment can increase the content of lipid molecules,the treatment can increase the content of benzene ring compounds.3.The correlation analysis showed that the plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,root volume and leaf area of cucumber could be promoted by rapidly available N,organic matter and C/N ratio in soil after returning agricultural wastes;Urease can promote the growth of available P,organic matter,C/N ratio and the volume of Cucumber in soil,sucrase can promote the content of available P,chlorophyll and root growth of Cucumber in soil;The Gemmatimonadaceae,Sphingomonadaceae and Rhodospirillaceae to root shoot,Sphingomonadaceae and Rhodospirillaceae to total phosphorus,GP16 and Sporormiaceae to alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen were promoted;Rhizosphere metabolites 2,2’,3,4,4’,5’,6-Heptabromodiphenyl ether,4-NITROPHENOL and Phylloquinol promoted Erysiphaceae fungi,but inhibited Chaetomiaceae fungi.Acetaldehyde and Norbixin promoted gp4 and GP6 families,but inhibited Sphingomonadaceae.At the same time,the study shows that the rhizosphere metabolites can promote the growth of rhizosphere microorganisms,and then affect the growth and development of cucumber.4.Through comprehensive analysis of various indexes,it can be concluded that FS treatment has the greatest influence on cucumber growth and Rhizosphere metabolism,and the best effect is obtained,Compared with the control,the plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,female flower number,chlorophyll content,root volume,fruit weight,fruit number and yield of cucumber were significantly increased by 11.00%,10.74%,14.29%,36.84%,11.18%,29.63%,15.27%,30.44%and 53.52%,respectively.The soil available phosphorus,available potassium,organic carbon and carbon nitrogen ratio were significantly increased by 42.86%,76.34%,34.38%and 31.00%,respectively,The contents of urease,sucrase,catalase in rhizosphere soil increased by 32.54%,245.00%and 30.38%,respectively,The proportion of Mycosphaerellaceae,Microascaceae,Erysiphaceae,Lasiosphaeriaceae,Sporormiaceae,Pleosporaceae,GP16family,Gemmatimonadaceae,Gaiellaceae,Sphingomonadaceae and Rhodospirillaceae in rhizosphere soil was significantly increased,At the same time,the effect on the amount of metabolites in rhizosphere was better than that of the control,Therefore,FS treatment has higher application value in practical production and is superior to other treatments.