Effects Of Different Composting Methods On The Maturity Characteristics Of Organic Materials

In order to compare the maturity characteristics of different types of agricultural organic waste under different composting conditions,two composting methods,which was stacking compost and trough compost,using animal（pig,chicken）manure,straw and cabbage garbage as composting material were set up in this study.The chicken manure+straw+cabbage garbage was taken as T1 and T4,pig manure+straw was taken as T2 and T5,chicken manure+straw was taken as T3 and T6.T1,T2 and T3 were using stacking compost method,T4,T5 and T6 were using trough compost method.The changes of physical,chemical and biological characters in the composting were assayed to provide scientific basis for fertilizer utilization of agricultural organic waste.The results were as follows:The organic were meet the requirements of national standard for organic fertilizer（NY525-2012）after 40 days of stacking composting or 75 days of trough composting.The temperature raised faster and lasted longer in the composting with chicken manure as main raw material than that with pig manure as main raw material.The adding cabbage garbage accelerated the humification process in the late stage of composting,so as to improved the stability of compost.The C/N showed a larger decreased in the composting with chicken manure as main raw material than that with pig manure as main raw material.In the stacking composting,the C/N of T2 and T3 were decreased by 19.99%and 23.56%respectively at the40^th day.In the trough composting,the C/N of T5 and T6 were decreased by 15.25%and18.59%respectively.The content of TN and TOC in each treatment were showed a decline trend with the TP and TK increased gradually.In the stacking composting,the TN content of T1,T2,T3 were decreased by 16.64%、19.99%and 23.56%respectively,the TOC were decreased by 32.06%、25.57%and 24.47%,the TP were increased by 11.43%、6.77%and 12.36%,the TK were increased by 11.54%、13.53%和12.53%.In the trough composting,the TN content of T4,T5,T6 were decreased by 15.77%、14.64%and 12.81%respectively,the TOC were decreased by28.60%、27.66%and 29.02%,the TP were increased by 21.57%、11.21%and 24.71%,the TK were increased by 16.05%、18.41%and 15.49%.The degradation rate of cellulose was higher in the composting with pig manure as main raw material than that with chicken manure as main raw material.The adding of cabbage garbage inhibited the degradation of cellulose.At the 35th days of composting,the degradation rate of T1、T2、T3 were 19.42%、24.28%and 30.24%,the degradation rate of T4、T5、T6 were 35.64%、31.47%and 30.45%.In the early stage of composting,the toxicity of compost was lower in the composting with pig manure as main raw material than that with chicken manure as main raw material.The adding of cabbage garbage decreased the toxicity of compost.The GI of T1、T2、T3were 93.33%、96.48%and 91.17%at the 35^th days.The GI of T4、T5、T6 were 93.36%、89.52%and 85.54%at the 75^th days.there was no toxi in the compost to crops.Compared with trough composting,there were advantages,for instance,temperature rise,water losses and C/N decreased were faster and temperature was higher in the high temperature period in the stacking composting.Hence,the time of compost maturity was shorter using stacking composting method than using trough composting method.