Design And Experiment Of Buckwheat Hill-seeder

Buckwheat originated in China,with rich planting experience and history of cultivation,dating back to more than 2000 years ago.Buckwheat is widely distributed in China,the main cultivated varieties are common buckwheat and Tartary buckwheat.Relative lack of professional buckwheat seed machinery in China now,due to the influence of factors such as production and geographical environment mainly artificial planting,the efficiency is low,so the buckwheat mechanization planting is the inevitable development trend,under premise meet the requirements of buckwheat seed agronomic,this article carried out the design and test of buckwheat dibbling machine,concrete research content is as follows:(1)Determine the physical characteristics of the research object and some parameters of the seed planter.The triaxial size and 1000-grain weight seeds were measured statistically with yuqiao NO.3 as the research object.The average triaxial size of buckwheat seeds was6.45 mm in length,4.08 mm in width and 3.53 mm in thickness,and the 1000-grain weight was 37.9 g.Combined with the structural characteristics of buckwheat seeds;related agronomic requirements,determine the main technical parameters of this design are: seeding depth of 30±10 mm,row spacing 380±20 mm,,number of 3～5,hole spacing 160～180 mm;The diameter of the seed platter was 420 mm,the width was 120 mm,the number of seed extractors and holes was 10.(2)The key parts of seed platter and seed feeder is to design,simulate and bench test.The seed platter adopts the spoon wheel seed platter,the hole forming device adopts the duck beak type hole forming device.Through the design of the mold hole of the seed extractor and the simulation analysis of different mold holes by EDEM,the mold hole of the seed extractor was determined to be a semi-cylindrical mold hole,and the optimal parameters were: rotating speed 40 r/min,circle diameter 7 mm and depth 7 mm.Single factor test is determined the dip Angle of the hole is 20°.Design-response surface analysis was carried out on test results,it is concluded that the optimal value of experimental optimization for speed 38.5 r/min,bottom diameter and the depth of 6.92 mm,6.78 mm,the optimal solution and the experimental group after the contrast experiment was carried out to determine the optimal experimental hole for belt Angle of 20 ° half cylindrical device,the parameters for the rotation speed of 40 r/min,bottom diameter 7 mm 7 mm is depth,qualified rate is 92%.(3)Design,simulation and test of cavitation device structure and size of related components.The fixed length of the duck bill is 65 mm,the number of the duck bill hole forming devices is 10,the length of the spring end of the press plate is 90 mm,the size of the opening of the duck bill is 8.79 mm,and the effective opening time of the duck bill is 0.1 s.According to EDEM and RecurDyn,the stress range of the spring end of the press plate is95～102.6 N when spring compression is 33.3 mm,contact time between a single duck bill and the soil is 0.2 s.After calculation and final theoretical analysis,tower spring is selected,and the spring big end diameter 36 mm,small end diameter 26 mm,the original length is60 mm,the line diameter of carbon steel spring is 1.8 mm.The hole rate and the breakage rate of the hitch seeding wheel were ≥85.3% under the speed of 40～65 r/min,which met DG/T007,and the tractor’s running speed was 3.98～ 6.12 km /h within this speed range.(4)Design and test of the whole machine.The frame,the depth limiting device,the copying structure,the tillage device and the suppression device were designed respectively.Finally.The diameter and width of the depth limiting wheel in depth limiting device were determined to be 500 mm and 120 mm,height of the depth limiting wheel was increased by42.5 mm when each hole position of adjusting arm was raised.The profile structure is determined to a single hinged profile mechanism,in which parameters of spring are 42 mm in diameter,150 mm in length,9 effective turns,6 mm in wire diameter,and the material is carbon steel.When the seed wheel is lifted 10 mm each,the spring is compressed 2.2 mm,and the pressure provided is 43.3 N.Two S-type spring teeth are installed on the left and right sides of the pine tillage device.The left and right adjustment range of spring teeth is500 mm,and the upper and lower adjustment range is 160 mm.The structure of the suppression device is composed of a rubber suppression wheel and a copying mechanism.Field tests were carried out after the design was completed.The industry standard of planter will be measured and analyzed.Through the field experiment,the following conclusions were drawn: when the rotation speed was 40 r/min,the seed qualification rate of buckwheat hitch seeder prototype was 90%,the hole rate was 0,the qualified rate of sowing depth was85%,the qualified rate of hole spacing was 100%,and the qualified rate of row spacing was100%.All the test indexes reached the requirements of the industry standard.