| The nutritional level of sows in the gestation and laction has an important impact on the maternal body and fetus.Therefore,it is of great significance to maintain the sustainable and excellent production performance of the sows through appropriate nutritional regulating methods to improve the vitality of the piglets,and enhance the immunity and health status of the sows and piglets.The purpose of this study was to add linseed oil and fish oil to sows diets during late pregnancy and lactation to explore their effects on sows’ performance,health status,and fecal microorganisms,and to compare the application effects of different types of oil sources for production to sows,which expected to offer a integration of theory with practical production in sow.On the basis of previous research,we will further explore application effects on sow.The 36 Landrace sows were selected with same parity and randomly divided into 4groups(control group(Ctrl),linseed oil group(LO),fish oil group(FO),mixed oil with linseed oil and fish oil included(MO group)).The experiment started on the 85 th day of pregnancy and ended on the 21 st day of lactation(weaning).The feeding and management conditions of all pigs were identical.The experimental diet was divided into two stages(late pregnancy period and lactation period).The backfat of sows was measured at different stages,collecting production data of sows and piglets,samples of serum,colostrum and feces to detect immune indicators,colostrum composition and fatty acid content,and fecal microorganisms changes in flora,etc.The results showed that:1.There was no negative effects in the sow’s reproductive traits and productivity by different oil treatment,compared with the control group,the FO group had a certain degree of reduction in the backfat loss rate on the 7th and 14 th day of lactation.(P < 0.05).The ingredients and fatty acid content of colostrum showed that there was no significant difference in the composition of colostrum among the groups;the ratio of n-3PUFA in colostrum can be noticeably improved in the LO group(P < 0.05).2.The LO group and the FO group can increase TP content than that of control group obviously(P < 0.05);besides,the rate of AST/ALT of piglets in the FO group could be apparently increased compared with the control diet(P < 0.05).The addition of LO and MO to the diet can apparently altered the content of Ig G and IgM in the colostrum and serum of sows(P < 0.05),and the treatment group increased the IL-1β and IL-6 content,furthermore,the content of IL-1β and IL-6 in piglet serum was observed increased in FO group(P < 0.05);Moreover,dietary oil supplementation can improve the content of Ig A,Ig G and IgM in piglet serum.While the content of T-AOC in serum of sows and piglets among experimental groups presented no differences(P > 0.05),on the contrary,the FO and MO groups altered the MDA content in sow colostrum and sercum respectively than the control group(P < 0.05).3.Analysis of the SCFAs components in the feces of sows showed that the FO group and the MO group definitely increased the content of isobutyric acid,isovaleric acid and valeric acid compared with the control group(P < 0.05);the results of 16 S rRNA sequencing of fecal microorganisms showed the Alpha diversity among species presented no differences,and it presented no significant differences of flora at phylum and family levels.The differences in the metabolic pathways of microorganisms in each treatment group further revealed the adaptive mechanism of microorganisms.In summary,the supplementation of oil in sow diets during late pregnancy and lactation can improve sow reproductive performance,colostrum quality and biochemical and immune indicators,reduce backfat loss rate during lactation,and regulate pig intestinal flora.Besides,this study provides a reference for the feeding effect of different types of oil sources in sow production,and through the high-throughput sequencing methods further revealing the functional differences in fecal flora. |
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