Effects Of Different Cultivation Measures On Premature Aging And Grouting Characteristics And Yield Of Tartary Buckwheat

In order to clarify the effects of different cultivation measures on the premature senescence,grain filling characteristics and yield of Tartary buckwheat,two experiments were designed,such as different tillage methods and nitrogen reduction and dense planting,to study the effects of different cultivation measures on the aging process of Tartary buckwheat leaves,grains and roots,and the grain filling characteristics and final yield.The main studies are as follows:1.Effects of different tillage methods on premature aging and grouting characteristics and yield of Tartary buckwheatThe experimental materials were buckwheat high-yield Jin Q2,middle-class Qianku 5 and low-yield Liuku 2081,Three types of cultivation were established:no-tillage,deep tillage and regular tillage,The effects of tillage methods on grain filling dynamics,root morphophysiology（total root length,root volume,surface area,average root diameter and root activity）,leaf photosynthetic pigment（chlorophyll a、chlorophyll b、chlorophyll and carotenoid）content,superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity,peroxidase（POD）activity,malondialdehyde（MDA）content,agronomic traits and yield formation,As a result,the N values of the three tillage methods are less than 1,The difference between farming methods is not obvious;When the grouting start potential（R₀）,maximum grouting rate Gmax、maximum grouting rate are the maximum growth Wmax.G the maximum is deep tillage treatment,No-tillage treatment is minimal.Total root length,root surface area,root volume and average root diameter of Tartary buckwheat were the largest in deep tillage treatment.The root activity of Tartary buckwheat decreased continuously with the growth period,the tillage method is the largest by deep tillage.The light and pigment content,SOD and POD activity in tartary buckwheat leaves increased first and then decreased with the advance of the growth period,deep tillage is the largest among farming methods;MDA content increased continuously with the growth period of tartary buckwheat.To avoid maximum tillage.Deep ploughing treatment is minimal.The agronomic characters and yield formation index of Tartary buckwheat in deep tillage treatment were better than that in no-tillage and normal tillage treatment.The yield of Tartary buckwheat is about twice that of no-tillage treatment.To sum up,deep tillage promotes tartary buckwheat grout,Slow aging,increase the final yield.2.Effects of reduction on premature aging and grouting ch aracteristics and yield of Tartary buckwheatTaking Tartary buckwheat variety Jin Q 2 as experimental material,0,45,135 and 225 kg^·ha^-1（urea,Containing N 46%）4 different nitrogen applications,marked 0 N（CK）,LN,MN and HN,respectively Grain weight gain and filling dynamics were studied in 2018 and 2019respectively;The activities of soluble starch synthase（SSS）,amylase（SBE）and adenosine diphosphate（AGPase）in grain;Leaf glutamine synthase（GS）,glutamine synthase（GOGAT）,nitrate reductase（NR）and glutamate dehydrogenase（GDH）activities;Leaf net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,transpiration rate（Tr）and leaf stomatal conductance（Gs）;Superoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD）,catalase（CAT）activity and malondialdehyde（MDA）content;Total root length,surface area,volume,mean diameter and root vigor;changes in agronomic traits and yield formation.and the results showed that the shape parameters（N values）of the four different nitrogen treatments were less than 1.The grouting start potential（R₀）and maximum grouting rate（Gmax）of MN treatment were the highest.The contribution rate to grain weight in the middle of grouting is the largest after grouting,The early contribution rate of grouting is the smallest.Anase activity associated with starch synthesis（AGPase、SSS、SBE）increases first and then decreases with long-term growth,overall peaked at 14 d after flower.MN conditions.The net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,evapotranspiration rate（Tr）and stomatal conductance（Gs）were higher in the leaves of buckwheat 2,Superoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD）,catalase（CAT）are more active.malondialdehyde（MDA）content is the lowest.grain number per plant,grain weight per plant,1000-grain weight and yield of MN treatment were higher than those of the other 3 treatments.In 2018 and 2019,the parameters of each research content changed slightly due to climate and environment,but the overall trend was consistent.to sum up,suitable nitrogen fertilizer treatment（MN）can improve the photosynthetic efficiency of tartary buckwheat,promote grain filling,delay early aging,and increase grain weight and final yield.