Study On The Diversity Distribution Patterns Of Surface Arthropods Along Altitude Gradients In Alpine Grasslands In Northern Tibet

Soil animals are the most important part of the soil ecosystem.Their activities can change the physical and chemical properties of the soil.They play an important role in the formation and development of soil,the decomposition of organic matter,mineralization and other ecological processes.They are also the structure and function of the underground food web.The main mediator and mediator.At the regional scale,the difference in the quantity and quality of the aboveground plant litter will directly affect the structure and function of the soil animal community that uses it as a habitat and a source of material energy;at the local scale,a variety of environments caused by changes in habitat altitude gradients The influence of the comprehensive effects of factors on soil animal communities is also an issue that cannot be ignored.This experiment conducted research on surface arthropods at different altitudes,provided a data basis for the diversity of surface arthropods at different altitudes,and analyzed the temporal dynamics of surface arthropod diversity at different altitudes.Habitat changes provide basic data.The experiment uses trap method and Malay net method to capture surface arthropods.In trap method,each altitude sample plot is matched with Malay net to select sample plots to set traps,and the distance between sample plot and Malay net is not less than 5 m.Set traps through the five-point method,and the interval between traps should not be less than 1 m.The Malay net method randomly arranges three Malay nets at each altitude.In order to reduce the mutual influence caused by the dense arrangement,the distance between each Malay net is not less than 5 m.In this experiment,the trap method and the Malay net method collected a total of surface arthropods from 4 classes,19 orders and 112 families at 6 altitudes;among the surface arthropods collected by the trap method,Diptera and Coleoptera The order of Araneae and Araneae is the dominant group.These three orders contain 21,17,and 12 families respectively,accounting for 56.8% of all the constituent families.Among the surface arthropods collected by the Malay web method,Diptera(Diptera),Lepidoptera and Araneae are the dominant groups.These three orders contain 28,10,and 9 families respectively,accounting for 68.1%of all the constituent families.Among the surface arthropod communities collected by trap method and Malay net method at different altitudes,the herbivorous and predatory surface arthropod groups are the dominant groups,while the omnivorous surface arthropod groups are the inferior groups.The experiment conducted research on the surface arthropods collected by the trap method at different altitudes,and found that the similarity of the surface arthropods collected by the trap method between the altitude of 4650 m and the altitude of 5200 m is the largest.The collected surface arthropods are studied,and it is found that the similarity of the surface arthropods collected by the trap method is the largest between the altitude of 4500 m and the altitude of 4950 m;the analysis shows that the trap method at different altitudes and the Malay net method are calculated at any altitude The obtained Shannon-Wiener diversity index,uniformity index and richness index can all represent the change of the entire altitude gradient.The relative abundance in the trap method and each altitude can represent the principal components of the surface arthropods collected by the trap method at different altitudes,while the various altitudes in the Malay net method can represent its main components,and the relative abundance can also represent individual components.There is a certain correlation between altitudes.Through the analysis of the time dynamics of each altitude trap method and the Malay net method,it can be seen that the overall change trend of Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index,uniformity index and richness index is roughly the same from June to September.Experimental results show that different altitudes have an impact on the S?rensen index and Cody index of surface arthropods,and different altitudes have different groups of surface arthropods due to environmental factors.The Cody Index pointed out that the composition of the surface arthropod groups in the selected plots exhibited different rates of replacement due to the influence of the altitude gradient.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index,uniformity index and richness index calculated by the different altitude trap method and the Malay net method at any altitude can represent the change of the entire altitude gradient.Monitoring the surface arthropods collected by the trap method at different altitudes and the Malay net method can be used as an important data basis for the diversity of surface arthropods at different altitudes,and to a certain extent,it can predict and predict habitats at different altitudes.Explanation.