Study On The Effects Of Phosphate Fertilizer Application In The Acid Soil Region Of Southeastern China

Phosphorus is one of the essential mineral nutrient elements for the growth and development of crops.However,phosphorus is very easy to be fixed on acid soil,making it difficult to be absorbed and utilized by crops.Southeast China is an important crop planting area,and most of the arable land in this area is acid soil.Studying the effect of phosphate fertilizer application in the acid soil area of southeastern China,and analyzing the main influencing factors of the difference of different types of phosphate fertilizer application effects,is of great significance to the development of China’s phosphate fertilizer industry,the rational use of resources,and the sustainable development of green agriculture in the future.Based on this,this study explored the differences in the application effects of different phosphate fertilizers on acidic soils in the southeast and their main influencing factors through literature meta-analysis,soil cultivation experiments,and greenhouse potting experiments.The main results were as follows:(1)The yield-increasing effect of fused calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer(FMP)on acid soil in southeastern China was significantly better than water-soluble phosphate fertilizers,however,affected by soil conditions and other factors,the yieldincreasing effect of FMP was not always higher than water-soluble phosphate fertilizers.Among them,the most important factor affecting the application effect of FMP was soil p H.When the soil p H was lower than 5.8,the application effect of FMP was worse than water-soluble phosphate fertilizer;when the soil p H was higher than 5.8,the application effect of FMP was better than water-soluble phosphate fertilizer.(2)In acid soil,the diffusion rate of water-soluble phosphate fertilizer was higher than that of FMP.After 28 days of fertilization,the diffusion distance of water-soluble phosphate fertilizer in acid soil was significantly longer than FMP,and the diffusion of phosphate fertilizer significantly affected the soil p H value in the diffusion area.(3)The application effect of FMP on acid soil was significantly better than that of ammonium polyphosphate,diammonium phosphate,and the mixed application of diammonium phosphate and FMP.Compared with the other three sources of phosphorus,FMP not only significantly increased the p H value of acidic soil,but also supplemented the calcium and magnesium mineral nutrients that were lacking in the tested acid soil,thereby promoting plant growth.