| In this study,coated sodium butyrate was used as experimental material to explore the effects of coated sodium butyrate on immunity,antioxidant capacity and intestinal host defense peptide expression of lambs under physioloical status,so as to provide theoretical basis for the application of sodium butyrate in lamb production.Normal group: Twenty four weaned lambs with no significant difference in initial body weight at 42 days of age were selected,they were randomly divided into four groups: blank control group(CON group),antibiotic group(A CON group),coated sodium butyrate group A and B(CSB A group and CSB B group),with 6 replicates in each group and 1 lamb in each replicate.The blank control group was fed with basal diet without antibiotics,and the antibiotic control group was added with 250 mg/kg Two groups of coated sodium butyrate were added with different concentrations of coated sodium butyrate(2 g/kg,3 g/kg)to the basal diet,and were fed regularly,fed freely and drank water,and their feed intake and body weight were recorded.LPS stimulation group: Twenty four weaned lambs with no significant difference in initial body weight at 42 days of age were selected,they were randomly divided into four groups: blank control group(L×CON group),antibiotic group(L×A CON group),coated sodium butyrate group A and B(L×CSB A group and L× CSB B group),with 6 replicates in each group and 1lamb in each replicate.The ration feeding was the same as that of the normal group.Lambs were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μg/kg body weight(BW)of E.coli lipopolysaccharide(LPS)during the 14 th and 28 th days of the test period before slaughter,slaughterand sampling operations.The results are as follows:(1)Effects of coated sodium butyrate on immunity of lambs under different conditions:during the whole experimental period,the organ index of lambs in normal group increased with the addition of coated sodium butyrate(P > 0.05),on the 14 th day of the experiment,compared with CON group,the diet supplemented with coated sodium butyrate could significantly reduced the serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the normal lamb group;The contents of IL-6 and TNF-α in the liver,interleukin-1(IL-1)in the spleen and IL-6and TNF-α in the duodenum(P <0.05);On the 28 th day of the test,compared with the CON group,the addition of coated sodium butyrate to the diet can significantly reduced the serum TNF-α,the liver IL-1,IL-2,TNF-α,and the spleen TNF-α in the normal group of lambs.The contents of IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-α in spleen and duodenum(P <0.05).During the entire trial period,dietary supplementation of coated sodium butyrate had a different trend in increased the organ index of the lambs in the LPS group(P <0.05).On the 14 th day of the experiment,compared with the L×CON group,dietary supplementation of coated sodium butyrate can significantly reduced the serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1,IL-6 and lysozyme(LZM)in the LPS group.IL-1,IL-6,TNF-α,the content of IL-1,IL-6 in the spleen and TNF-α in the duodenum(P<0.05);On the 28 th day of the experiment,compared with the L×CON group,the supplementation of coated sodium butyrate in the diet could significantly reduced the contents of serum TNF-α,IL-1,IL-6;IL-1,IL-2,and TNF-α in the liver;IL-1,TNF-α in the spleen,and TNF-α and IL-6 in the duodenum of the LPS stimulation group(P < 0.05).(2)Effects of coated sodium butyrate on the expression of defense peptide in intestinal host of lambs under different conditions:On the 14 th day of the experiment,compared with the CON group,the addition of coated sodium butyrate in the diet could significantly up-regulate the expressions of β-defensin 1(BD-1)gene in the duodenum and β-defensin 2(BD-2)and SMAP-29 genes in the jejunum of lambs in the normal group(P < 0.05).On the 28 th day of the trial,compared with the CON group,the addition of coated sodium butyrate in the diet significantly increased the expression of BD-2 gene in the duodenum and BD-1 and BD-2 gene in the jejunum of lambs in the normal group(P < 0.05).On the 14 th day of the experiment,compared with the L×CON group,the addition of coated sodium butyrate in the diet could significantly up-regulate the expressions of BD-2 gene in the duodenum,BD-1,BD-2,SMAP-29 genes in the jejunum and BD-1,BD-2 genes in the ileum of the LPS stimulation group(P <0.05).On the 28 th day of the experiment,compared with the L×CON group,the addition of coated sodium butyrate in the diet could significantly up-regulate the gene expression of BD-1,BD-2and SMAP-29 in the jejunum and ileum of lambs in the LPS stimulation group(P <0.05).(3)Effect of coated sodium butyrate on antioxidant capacity of lambs under different conditions:On the 14 th day of the experiment,compared with the CON group,the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),and duodenal contents of T-AOC,T-SOD,and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in the liver of the normal lamb group were significantly increased by adding encapsulated sodium butyrate in the diet(P < 0.05);On the 28 th day of the experiment,compared with the CON group,the supplementation of coated sodium butyrate in the diet could significantly increase the contents of serum T-SOD,T-AOC in the liver,T-AOC and T-SOD in the spleen,and T-AOC,T-SOD and GSH-Px in the duodenum of the normal lamb group(P <0.05);On the 14 th day of the experiment,compared with the L×CON group,the addition of coated sodium butyrate in the diet could significantly increase the T-AOC in serum and duodenum,and the T-AOC,T-SOD contents in liver and spleen of the LPS stimulation group(P <0.05).On the 28 th day of the experiment,compared with the L×CON group,the addition of coated sodium butyrate in the diet could significantly increase the contents of T-AOC,T-SOD,GSH-Px,and T-SOD,GSH-Px in the liver and spleen of the LPS stimulation group(P <0.05).In summary,2 g/kg encapsulated sodium butyrate and 3 g/kg encapsulated sodium butyrate could both improve the immunity and antioxidant capacity of the lamb and stimulate the expression of defense peptide-related genes in the intestinal host. |
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