Design And Test Of Wheat Seed-fertilizer Drill Machine Equipped With An Application Rate Measure System

Precision seeding technology is an important means to implement precision agriculture.Mature variable seeding technology can effectively reduce farmers’production costs and improve crop quality.The real-time broadcast detection technology is a key link to improve the variable seeding and fertilization technology,and is of great significance in improving the accuracy of field operations.The seed metering device with fluted roller is used as the actuator of the seeding fertilizer applicator,and its performance will directly affect the performance of the whole machine.Mainly by establishing the quantitative relationship between the rotation speed of fluted roller and the sowing amount,and adjusting the rotation speed of the fluted roller according to the actual working speed of the machine tool to realize the control of the sowing fertilizer amount.However,this method is essentially open-loop control,and increasing the dynamic broadcast detection is an effective means to solve this problem.The existing seed metering device with fluted roller has poor consistency of opening degree,the gap between the brush and the seeding device is uncontrollable,the brush is easy to wear and the like,and the execution precision of the outer groove wheel is low,which leads to variable seeding and fertilization.Even if a high-performance closed-loop control system is built,it is difficult to ensure the overall execution of the system.Aiming at the above problems,this paper designs a weighting type application rate measure system based on the dynamic weighing principle.and the traditional seed metering device with fluted roller is structurally optimized.On this basis,a seed-fertilizer drill machine is built to carry out comprehensive performance test.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)A kind of weighting type application rate measure system based on dynamic weighing principle is designed and the structure is optimized and improved.The stability of the device is improved,and the problem that the detection result is invalid due to shaking of the device during the field operation of the conventional detection device is improved.The weighting type application rate measure system is applied to the seed-fertilizer drill machine,so that the real-time residual material and the cumulative amount of the broadcast can be detected during the operation process.(2)In view of drawbacks of the seed metering device with fluted roller,which is widely applied in wheat drill seeding,we provided an optimized design of structure based on basic structures of traditional devices,which usually have the disadvantages of poor adjust ability of working parameters,poor working performance with consistency,a relatively higher error of output quantity of sowing,etc.The main working parameters of the new designed seed metering device,such as opening of fluted roller,and sowing clearance between brush and fluted roller,are accurately adjustable.(3)The indoor bench static test was carried out on the designed seed metering device.Under different conditions of rotation speed,the average coefficient of variation of sowing amount of each planter was 2.3%,the maximum coefficient of variation was 3.6%,the average coefficient of variation of fertilizer spreader was 2.8%,and the maximum coefficient of variation was 3.1%.It shows that the performance of different seed metering device has a high consistency.The average linearity of each planter was 0.69%,and the average linearity of each fertilizer applicator was 1.4%,which indicates that each seed metering device has a high stability per displacement at different working speeds.(4)On the basis of the designed weighting type application rate measure system and the seed metering device with fluted roller,a seed-fertilizer drill machine was set up,and a series of dynamic performance tests were carried out on the cement road surface with good working condition.The test results show that the weighting type application rate measure system has good dynamic weighing detection performance under dynamic conditions;The average coefficient of variation of the external trough seed metering device with fluted roller under dynamic conditions was 2.1%and 2.9%,respectively,and the performance was stable under dynamic conditions.(5)In order to test the stability of real-time seeding detection and the performance of sowing and fertilization under the actual field operation conditions,the field comprehensive performance test was carried out.The test proves that the designed weighting type application rate measure system in this paper still has good real-time detection system energy in actual field operation.When the box material is more,the relative error of weighing can be kept within 1%;The average coefficient of variation of the seed metering device with fluted roller in actual field operations was 2.1%and 2.9%,respectively.The correlation coefficient R2 between the actual and predicted seeding was 0.9884 and 0.9942,respectively.The sowing amount of each seed metering device still has a high consistency,and its overall performance is similar to the bench test results in the laboratory.This indicates that the performance of the designed seed metering device has high stability and consistency,and it can be well adapted to the field vibration working environment.