Effect Of Different Nutrient Elements On The Occurrence Of Wheat Yellow Mosaic Disease

Wheat yellow mosaic disease has become the most serious viral disease in Henan Province.In the course of many years’ disease survey,it was found that some of the diseased wheat in the seriously ill field were significantly less severe and even showed no symptoms.To explore the causes,we studied the relationship between the occurrence of wheat yellow leaf disease and soil microorganisms and nutrients,and the effects of different nutrient elements on the occurrence of wheat yellow leaf disease and wheat growth.The main findings were as follows:1.Analysis of soil nutrient content in the rhizosphere of susceptible and healthy plants in the same wheat fieldSampling was carried out in Yicheng District of Zhumadian,Xiping County,and Ruyang County of Luoyang City.The rhizosphere soil of susceptible plants and healthy plants were collected from the same field,and the soil N,P,K and organic matter content were determined.The resμLts showed that the contents of alkaline nitrogen,effective phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter in the inter-root soil of susceptible plants in Yicheng District,Zhumadian were higher than those of asymptomatic plants by 51.87%,171.85%,254.72%and 25.27%,respectively,and the contents of alkaline nitrogen,effective phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter in the inter-root soil of susceptible plants in Ruyang County,Luoyang City were higher than those of asymptomatic plants by 18.74%,83.31%,54.64%and 12.16%.2.Soil microbial community structure in heavily diseased and faded fieldBefore sowing,five soil samples were collected from each of the heavily diseased and faded field in Xiping.Bacterial and fungal diversity and their differences between soils of faded and heavily diseased field were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology.The resμLts showed that there were significant differences in soil microorganisms between the heavily diseased and faded field.For bacteria,the dominant phylum was the same,the relative abundance of Actinomycetes was significantly higher in the diseased field soil than faded soil,the relative abundance of the phylum Aspergillus was significantly lower than faded soil,and there was no significant difference between the phylum Aspergillus and the fungus.For fungi,the dominant phyla were the same in heavily diseased and faded field;the relative abundance of inter-rhizosphere Streptomycetes was significantly higher in heavily diseased field than in faded field,and the relative abundance of Ascomycota,Zygomycota,Chytridiomycota was significantly lower in heavily diseased field than in faded field;at the genus level,the phytopathogenic bacteria Burkholderia were significantly reduced compared to faded field.The abundance of plant pathogens such as Acinetobacter,Candidatus-regiella,and Chaetomium increased significantly;Devriesia,Agaricales,and Lecanoromycetes increased significantly.The abundance of fungi such as Devriesia,Agaricales,Lecanoromycetes,Penicillium,Tremellomycetes,Acremonium,and Trichoderma decreased significantly.The results of the correlation analysis between soil microbial communities and N,P,K,and organic matter content in heavily diseased field and faded field showed that the relative abundance of soil bacterial and fungal communities in heavily diseased field was positively correlated with soil available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter content;The relative abundance of soil bacterial and fungal communities are positively correlated with the soil alkaline nitrogen content in faded field.3.Effect of different nutrient elements on wheat growth and wheat yellow mosaic virus diseaseThe experimental results showed that Zhonghang biofertilizer had some inhibitory effect on wheat yellow mosaic virus diseases,and certain concentrations of chicken manure in different test fields promoted the disease;the application of 8.68 kg/hm2 of phosphorus fertilizer and 5×103 kg/hm2 of chicken manure increased the colonization of Polymyxinus gramineus in wheat roots by 2.64 times and 1.83 times.At the seedling stage,wheat plant height increased significantly in each fertilizer treatment and fresh weight of wheat increased by 42.21%and 2.91%in organic fertilizer treatments,respectively;at the jointing stage,Zhonghang biofertilizer promoted wheat plant height and fresh weight by 11.52%-14.16%and 3.66%～79.21%,respectively;at the harvest stage,thousand grain weight and yield increased significantly by 7.27%～16.25%and 9.22%～13.21%.