| Chrysanthemum(Chiysanthemum× morifolium Ramat.)is one of China’s top ten traditional famous flowers,with high ornamental and economic value.The garden chrysanthemum has the characteristics of neat plant type,strong branching,dense flower,large amount of flowers,early flowering period and rich flower color.It is an excellent material for flower sea and garden landscape construction and garden decoration.However,in recent years,with the increasing introduction of garden small chrysanthemum varieties and the continuous selection of independent breeding,the number of varieties has been increasing,and it is urgent to establish a comprehensive evaluation system on its agronomic characteristics and ornamental characteristics,so that each variety can be objectively and accurately evaluated.The characteristics provide a theoretical basis for its large-scale application.At the same time,most of the garden small chrysanthemums are used for open field cultivation.The method of controlling the flowering period by controlling the daily length is too high,and it is necessary to study the simple and easy method to regulate its flowering period.Therefore,this paper takes a series of garden chrysanthemum varieties independently cultivated by Nanjing Agricultural University as the object,establishes a comprehensive evaluation system of agronomic characteristics and ornamental of garden chrysanthemum,and studies the effects of different concentrations of hormone treatment on its flowering process.The results are as follows:1.Observing and counting the rooting ability,growth characteristics,disease resistance and flooding resistance index of 30 ’Zhongshan’ series of chrysanthemum varieties,using the analytic hierarchy process to establish a comprehensive evaluation system,using K-Means clustering method Variety grade.A total of 16 evaluation factors closely related to the agronomic traits of’Zhongshan’ series gardens were screened out,and the final comprehensive weight values of each factor were determined.According to the scoring standard,30 varieties were scored and multiplied by the weight of each factor.The comprehensive scores of each species;using the minimum distance method and according to the clustering center values of the comprehensive scores of the ’Zhongshan’ series of gardens,the classification is divided into three grades:excellent,good,and general.The number of varieties at each level is 11,10 and 9,the proportion is 36.7%,33.3%and 30.0%.The analytic hierarchy process and K-Means clustering method can be well applied to the comprehensive evaluation of the ’Zhongshan’ series of gardens,and the results are reasonable and reliable,and the operation is simple.It is a very effective evaluation method and can be ’Zhongshan’.The development and promotion of a series of garden chrysanthemum varieties provide a basis.2.Observing and arranging the flower color,flower diameter,flower shape,peduncle length,plant shape,population flowering period and flower coverage of 30 ’Zhongshan’series of chrysanthemum varieties,and quantitatively classifying them,and formulating grade score standards and evaluation.The program then comprehensively evaluates the ornamental nature of the garden gerbera variety with the sum of the scores of each indicator.The results showed that among the 30 varieties,there were 6 varieties with excellent ornamental value,accounting for 20.0%;15 varieties with good ornamental quality,accounting for 50.0%;and 9 varieties with general ornamental quality.Compared with 30.0%,six preliminary ornamental chrysanthemum varieties were initially screened,namely’Zhongshan Jiaoxia’,’Zhongshan Zaoying’,’Zhongshan Jinyang’,’Zhongshan Jinguan’,’Zhongshan Zichen’ and ’Zhongshan Fendie’.3.Leaf disease index,leaf disease grade,plant height,crown width,branchiness,leaf color,leaf morphology,stem color,stem morphology,total root number,average single root tips,average root diameter,longest root length,average single root length,root projected area,root surface area,flower color,flower diameter,flower shape,peduncle length,plant shape,population flowering period and flower coverage,total 23 agronomic and ornamental indicators of 30 ’Zhongshan’ series of garden chrysanthemum varieties were observed and statistically analyzed,and the comprehensive evaluation system was established by using the analytic hierarchy process.The K-Means clustering method was used to classify the varieties.A total of 23 evaluation factors closely related to the agronomic characteristics and ornamental characteristics of the ’Zhongshan’ series of gardens were selected,and the final comprehensive weight values of each factor were determined.According to the scoring standard,30 varieties were scored and multiplied by each factor.The weights are used to obtain the comprehensive scores of each variety;the minimum distance method is used to divide the clustering center values of the comprehensive counts of the ’Zhongshan’ series of gardens into excellent,good and general three grades,and the number of varieties at each level is 14,12 and 4,the proportion is 46.7%,40%and 13.3%.The analytic hierarchy process and K-Means clustering method can be well applied to the comprehensive evaluation of the’Zhongshan’ series of gardens,and the results are reasonable and reliable,and the operation is simple.It is a very effective evaluation method and can be Zhongshan’.The development and promotion of a series of garden small chrysanthemum varieties provide a basis.4.Foliar spraying of ’Jinling Ruyan’ with 20,50,100 mg/L ethephon before the formation of flower buds;using gibberellins of 20,50,100 mg/L and 50,100 The 200 mg/L cytokinin was applied to the ’Zhongshan Jinguan’ for foliar application,and the effect of spraying different hormone aqueous solutions on the garden chrysanthemum stage was studied.The results showed that spraying ethephon could prolong the time and initial flowering time of the flower buds of ’Jinling Ruyan’.Among them,spraying 50 mg/L ethephon delayed the flower buds by 9d and the initial flowering time was delayed by 5d.Spraying gibberellic can shorten the time and initial flowering time of the flower buds of’Zhongshan Jinguan’.Among them,spraying 50 mg/L gibberellin shortens the flower buds’appearance time by 6 days compared with the control.Shortened by 9 days;spraying cytokinin can prolong the time of flower buds and the initial flowering time of ’Zhongshan Jinguan’.Among them,200 mg/L cytokinin prolongs the appearance of flower buds by 10 days compared with the control.Extend for 14 days. |
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