Study On The Techniques Of Somatic Embryo Maturation And Germination Culture Of Picea Schrenkiana Var.tianschanica

The research on somatic embryo maturation and germination culture of Picea schrenkiana var.Tianschanica provides experimental basis and theoretical basis for large-scale somatic embryo propagation and factory production of P.schrenkiana species.Among the 14 strains induced by mature zygotic embryos of P.schrenkiana as explants,four strains（T6,T36,T43,T48）with better somatic embryogenesis were selected as test materials,four different mature media（BM4,MSG,1/2BLG+3%sucrose and 1/2BLG+3%maltose）and embryogenic callus weigh（100,150,200 mg fresh embryogenic callus）.ABA and ABA analogues concentrations(1.9,3.8,7.6,19,38μmol·L^-1)were used for mature culture of somatic embryos,and the morphological characteristics of seedlings from somatic embryos,zygotic embryos and seeds were compared.The optimum conditions for somatic embryos maturation and germination of P.schrenkiana were selected.The main results are as follows:1)The results of somatic embryo induction on 14 strains of P.schrenkiana showed that there were differences in the number of mature somatic embryos of different strains on the same maturation medium;The results of the effects of 4 strains and their embryogenic callus weight on the number of somatic embryos formed It showed that the number of mature somatic embryos of different strains and their embryogenic callus weight also differed.The number of mature somatic embryos was affected by different strains and their embryogenic callus weight,And the number of mature somatic embryos was different.When the embryogenic callus weight was 100 mg,the somatic embryo maturation number of T36strain was the highest,which was 3470±546,which was significantly higher than other embryogenic callus weight and strains（P<0.05）.2)Somatic embryos were formed on 4 different maturation mediums.On 1/2BLG+3%maltose medium,the number of somatic embryos formed was higher than other mediums,which were 2044（T6 strain）and 2282 respectively.（T36 strain）,and it is significantly different from other media（P<0.05）.3)There was no significant difference in the effects of different concentrations of ABA on the number of mature somatic embryos of P.schrenkiana（P>0.05）.When the concentration of ABA was 1.9 to 38μmol·L^-1,The average number of mature somatic embryos was 2850²913,Of which the treatment effect was better when the ABA concentration was 7.6μmol·L^-1,And the average number of normal somatic embryos obtained was 2913,Which was higher than other treatments.4)A comparative study of somatic embryo maturation with different concentrations of ABA and ABA analogues showed that there was no significant difference in the effects of different concentrations of（A,B,C）ABA analogues on the number of somatic embryos（P>0.05）.The（B）ABA analogues average number of somatic embryos matured was higher than that of control ABA.It shows that（B）ABA analogues can replace ABA.5)Correlation analysis between different concentrations of ABA and ABA analogues on the number of mature somatic embryos showed that there was a significant correlation between different concentrations of ABA and the number of mature somatic embryos obtained under the influence of ABA analogues.6)Comparison of germinated plantlets from somatic embryos,naked zygotic embryos and mature seed,The results show that seedlings develop relatively quickly and have more growth advantages than somatic embryos and naked zygotic embryos.The seedling height（root system,neck,and cotyledon）of naked zygotic embryos was higher than that of somatic embryos,but there was no significant difference between the two（P>0.05）.The average number of cotyledons of somatic embryos and naked zygotic embryos was the same,and there was no significant difference between them（P>0.05）.The number of cotyledons of most seedlings was 7⁸.To sum up,during the somatic embryo maturation stage of P.schrenkiana,the inoculation amount of T36（strain）embryogenic callus weight was 100 mg,with 7.6μmol·L^-1of ABA,75%PEG4000,and 3%maltose.1/2BLG medium supplemented with 750mg·L^-11 of L-Glutamine and 50 mg·L^-11 of L-Asparagine is the best maturation medium for somatic embryo maturation.In a comparative study of ABA and ABA analogues,（B）ABA analogues can replace ABA because the number of mature somatic embryos is higher than that of control ABA.During the germination of somatic embryos of P.schrenkiana,no plant growth regulators were added.The BMG-2 medium containing iron salts,Organic ingredients,Sucrose,7.5%PEG4000,Activated carbon and L-Glutamine was somatic embryos.The best germination medium for germination.The somatic embryo regenerating plantlets are similar in morphology to those of gymnosperm embryos.