Changes Of Plasma Metabolites In Cows After Artificial Insemination

Artificial insemination of cows after fertilization failure or embryonic loss causes reproductive failure in pregnancy and reproductive failure affect dairy cattle breeding efficiency in order to study the cow plasma after artificial insemination material change on the influence of the pregnancy,further clarify the cow plasma after artificial insemination material change on the role of metabolic regulation,so as to provide reference for dairy cows early pregnancy affect the following tests on the basis of this study.1.63 healthy holstein cows with 2-3 fetuses,similar age and body condition(body condition score BCS about 2.75)were selected.Blood samples were collected from the tail vein before morning feeding on the day of artificial insemination,5 days,17 days and 28 days(recorded as 1 day,5 days,17 days and 28 days,respectively),the plasma of heparin sodium was collected by centrifugation and measured for progesterone,estradiol and glucose.According to the results of 32±3 days’ pregnancy test,(before pregnancy test,Pregnancy cow were considered as the Pregnancy group(group A,n=20);during pregnancy test,unpregnant cow were considered as the unpregnant group(group B,n=24);during pregnancy test,returns to oestrus cow were considered as the returns to oestrus group(group C,n=19).)Oneway-anova one-way ANOVA was performed with SPSS23.0.The results showed that the plasma levels of progesterone and estradiol in group B and group C were significantly higher than those in group A(P<0.01).On day 17,the plasma levels of progesterone and estradiol in group A and group B were significantly higher than those in group C(P<0.01),and the plasma levels of P4/E2 in group A and group B were significantly higher than those in group C(P<0.01).On the 28th day after artificial insemination,the plasma progesterone content in group C was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05),and the plasma glucose content in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05).In conclusion,high concentrations of progesterone and estradiol in plasma at 5 d and 17 d were beneficial to maintain the normal development of embryonic cells,maternal and embryo recognition,and improve the survival rate of cow embryos.Low levels of glucose on day 28 are not good for pregnancy.The results showed that glucose,progesterone and estradiol in plasma could predict the early pregnancy of cows after artificial insemination.2.12 heads were randomly selected from each group for each phase.The 1 d and 5 d plasma of group A,group B and group C and the 28 d plasma of group B and group C were analyzed by uhplc-q/tof-ms non-targeted metabolomics.According to multivariate statistics and SPSS 23.0 software,one-way anova was performed,and VIP>1,P<0.05,FC>1.3 or FC<0.77 were selected by combining principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).The results showed that:1 d heat map differential metabolites could not be well aggregated,indicating that although the significantly different metabolites screened could separate the groups,they could not distinguish the samples of each group,so they could not be used as biological markers.so excluded:5 d screened out 16 significant metabolites,4 were highly expressed in group A;1 Highly expressed in group B;3 highly expressed in group C;5 highly expressed in groups B and C;2 highly expressed in groups A and C;1 highly expressed in groups A and B.The analysis of KEGG metabolic pathways of 5 d significant difference metabolites found that:butyrate metabolism,pyruvate metabolism,alanine,aspartic acid and glutamic acid metabolism pathways related metabolites succinic semialdehyde and lactic acid occurred Significant changes;phosphatidylcholine in the plasma of cows in the pregnant and non-pregnant groups were significantly higher than those in the returns to oestrus group,and these two substances in the pregnant and non-pregnant groups increased significantly.In summary,the 5th day after artificial insemination,the plasma metabolites of dairy cows are metabolized by butyrate metabolism,pyruvate metabolism,alanine,aspartic acid and glutamic acid metabolism pathways related metabolites the health of dairy cows,and provide energy for embryonic development.The embryo develops normally,thereby increasing the pregnancy rate;phosphatidylcholine are expected to be used as biomarkers for cow pregnancy recognition.