Comparison And Transcriptome Analysis Of Muscle Quality Between Huai Pig And Duroc Pig

Pork,as an important animal protein for human beings,has become the main meat consumption of Chinese residents.With the improvement of people’s living standard,high-quality pork with tender,juicy,meaty and pure taste is more and more favored by consumers.Kinds factors can influence the intramuscular fat such as nutrition,inheritance,environment,forms of livestock rearing and so on.It mainly exists in genetic genes among the difference in intramuscular fat deposition between local pigs and foreign pigs.Huai pig is a well-known meat fat dualuse pig breed in China,while Duroc is a typical lean pork type pig.In this experiment,the local Huai pig with excellent muscle quality from Anhui province and the imported typical lean pork type Duroc were selected as the test subjects,and the longissimus dorsi muscle,psoas muscle and leg muscle were used for meat quality comparison and transcriptome sequencing.In order to further study the molecular regulation mechanism of fat deposition in Huai pig and Duroc pig we performed the correlation analysis of meat quality and transcriptome sequencing.The present study will provide a theoretical basis for the further study about the subsequent genetic breeding.(1)The results of meat quality analysis showed that:the current experiment eluciated there is existed differences in meat quality traits between different parts of different varieties.Anhui local pig breed Huai pig and imported pig breed Duroc had significantly higher a value,water-holding capacity,intramuscular fat content,cohesion and elasticity in the longissimus dorsi muscle than Duroc pig(P<0.01),the L value,drip loss,cooking loss significantly lower than that of Duroc(P<0.01),significantly higher than that of Duroc water content(P<0.05),and hardness is significantly lower than that of Duroc(P<0.05);In the psoas muscle,the a value,water-holding capacity,intramuscular fat content,cohesion and elasticity of Huai pig were significantly higher than that of Duroc pig(P<0.01),while the L value,drop loss,cooking loss and hardness were significantly lower than that of Duroc pig(P<0.01).In the leg muscles,the a value,water-holding capacity and elasticity of Huai pig were significantly higher than that of Duroc pig(P<0.01),the L value,drop loss,cooking loss and hardness were significantly lower than that of Duroc pig(P<0.01),and the water content and cohesion were significantly higher than that of Duroc pig(P<0.05).By comparing the longissimus dorsi muscle,psoas muscle and leg muscle of Huai pig and Duroc pig,it can be concluded that the content of taste amino acid in Huai pig is significantly higher than that of Duroc pig(P<0.05).In conclusion,Huai pig is superior to Duroc pig in color,juiciness and taste.(2)Following RNA-seq sequencing analysis of Huai pig and Duroc pig meat,the number of differential expression genes from the longissimus dorsi muscles,psoas muscles and leg muscles of the three sites were 460,370 and 502,respectively.Through functional discovery,these differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in circadian rhythm,heat shock protein,fat deposition,lipid metabolism,skeletal muscle development.The genes associated with circadian rhythm are NFIL3,NR1D2,BHLHE41,CRY1,NR1D1,CRY2.HSPH1,DNAJA1,HSPA2,DNAJA4,and HYOU1 are the genes involved in heat shock proteins.The genes associated with fat deposition were ATF3,CXCL10,CXCL14,ANKRD1,ANKRD2,PIK3IP1,SRPK2,THBS1,IRX3,PLAC8,ENPP1,SLPI,PTPN1,BTG2,ID1,PRG4,PTX3,NR4A1,THY1,EGR1,ZBTB16,CAPN3,SREBF1,and PPARGC1A.The genes involved in lipid metabolism were KLF11,QSOX1,CASQ2,PEA15,ABHD2,FOXO1,FOXO3,DHCR24,DUSP14,and SLC37A4.Genes involved in skeletal muscle development include PIM1,TGIF1,NR4A3,ATP1A2,CSRP3,LMOD2,ACTC1,LMCD1,SERPINE1,MYOG,etc.The differentially expressed genes was related the major signaling pathways involved in amino acid metabolism,lipid metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism,including arginine and proline metabolism,glycolysis pathway,pentose phosphate pathway.ARG2,ALDH4A1,P4HA1,P4HA2,ALDH2,PGM1,ALDOC,LDHA,PKM,GPI and PGD was involved in the metabolism of amino acids,lipid and carbohydrate.(3)21 differentlially expressed genes were selected to verify using by qRT-PCR method.The results showed that qRT-PCR results were consistent with RNA-seq,and that had a extremely high correlation when the genes were linearly fitted.